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Список вопросов базы знанийАнглийский язык. Бизнес курс.Вопрос id:1698794 Choose two possible answers: Section 426 of the Insolvency Act 1986 obliges courts in the United Kingdom to ___ assistance to other courts, notably those of the county of incorporation. Assistance can include staying an action by local creditors ?) deprive ?) lend ?) borrow ?) provide Вопрос id:1698795 Choose two possible answers: Since the American experience is that banks are particularly prone to insider abuse, this is the ___ for some of the especially strict rules imposed on insiders in a bank insolvency ?) basis ?) land ?) ground ?) rock Вопрос id:1698796 Choose two possible answers: Such credit transfers are ___ used for commercial payments, but also feature in payments of employee’s salaries, company dividends, and social welfare benefits ?) wildly ?) broadly ?) widely ?) vainly Вопрос id:1698797 Choose two possible answers: Systemic risk is addressed by lender-of-last-resort facilities and measures of prudential regulation, including those concerning bank rescue. Deposit insurance is now ___ in the European ?) mandatory ?) conservatory ?) obligatory ?) derogatory Вопрос id:1698798 Choose two possible answers: The aim of these is to prevent creditors from one jurisdiction stealing a march on those in others, for ___ by the ring-fencing of assets in that jurisdiction for local creditors ?) example ?) instance ?) starters ?) a while Вопрос id:1698799 Choose two possible answers: The bank undertakes to receive money and to collect bills for its customer’s account. The proceeds so received are not to be held in trust for the customer, but the bank borrows the ___ and undertakes to repay them ?) shares ?) interest ?) proceeds ?) obligations Вопрос id:1698800 Choose two possible answers: The current account holders vary from individuals through to multinational companies and governments. Banks hold accounts at other banks as a result of the system of correspondent banking, and because one bank may act as the agent of another when, for example, it is a ___ of a payment system and the other is not ?) head ?) part ?) unit ?) member Вопрос id:1698801 Choose two possible answers: The directive is intended to deal with the European banks or other credit institutions in financial ___ Reorganization measures (e.g. administration) and winding-up may only be instituted in the bank’s home state, and will be binding in host states where the bank has a branch ?) difficulties ?) problems ?) situations ?) deals Вопрос id:1698802 Choose two possible answers: The failure of some jurisdictions to extend comity to others has given added ___ to initiatives for international measures to govern cross-border insolvency ?) stimulus ?) impetus ?) thesis ?) crisis Вопрос id:1698803 Choose two possible answers: The language is apt to .. when all that payment entails is at most messages, movements on accounts, and ultimately, settlement between different banks ?) clarify ?) enlight ?) mislead ?) confuse Вопрос id:1698804 Choose two possible answers: The most ___ service a bank can provide to members of the public is to act as a depository for their moneys. The public generally holds its deposits with banks in the form of accounts ?) basic ?) cool ?) tipical ?) strange Вопрос id:1698805 Choose two possible answers: The payer instructs its bank to pay, and the payer’s bank ___ in a variety of ways. One response is to debit the payer’s account ?) responds ?) replays ?) restructures ?) replies Вопрос id:1698806 Choose two possible answers: The promise to repay is to repay at the branch of the bank where the account is ___, and during banking hours ?) had ?) done ?) held ?) kept Вопрос id:1698807 Choose two possible answers: The ___ was the special character of banks, in particular, the problem of systemic risk ?) loophole ?) pretext ?) justification ?) excuse Вопрос id:1698808 Choose two possible answers: There is a special ___ for bank insolvencies ?) treatment ?) therapy ?) regulation ?) regime Вопрос id:1698809 Choose two possible answers: These days, multifunctional banks hold the public’s money in other forms as well in ___ collective investment schemes, funds, and insurance products ?) various ?) different ?) diverse ?) versatile Вопрос id:1698810 Choose two possible answers: They can be overdrawn, by way of overdraft. Then, there are trust accounts, foreign currency accounts, and any other ___ of accounts with different features and services ?) number ?) one ?) amount ?) type Вопрос id:1698811 Choose two possible answers: Thus, from the nineteenth century the United States developed special rules for the ___ of banks ?) petrification ?) liquidation ?) invalidation ?) mummification Вопрос id:1698812 Choose two possible answers: Thus, the English courts have long said that they will lend assistance to foreign liquidators in a winding-up, recognizing their title to assets and ___ ancillary proceedings in England to secure local assets for them ?) making free ?) permitting ?) allowing ?) letting Вопрос id:1698813 Choose two possible answers: Under them, shareholders might be required to ___ extra funds in the event of a bank failure, liquidations were to be handled speedily, and government was given a monopoly power to close banks ?) invest ?) inhale ?) intake ?) inject Вопрос id:1698814 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Below is a sample stock table from The Wall Street Journal. The company | is Disney, one of the most famous entertainment companies in the world. We’ve translated its listing into plain English | Bar charts, one of the more popular tools of traders, include | information on a particular futures market’s price movements, volume and open interest. Such charts are produced daily, weekly and monthly | Fundamental traders can also use charting information. Since the market | price itself may react before the fundamental information comes to light, chart action can alert the fundamental analyst that something is happening and encourage closer market analysis |
Вопрос id:1698815 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Charting is not an exact science. Allowances | knowing the specific reasons for them | In addition to studying chart patterns, traders also look at moving averages, oscillators and other devices in ascertaining how bullish or bearish a market may | must be made for errors, and unexpected events can disrupt forecasts made on chart patterns | The chartist, therefore, searches for certain formations or patterns, which indicate bullish or bearish shifts in fundamentals. If his analysis is correct, he can quickly profit from the changes without necessarily | be growing. Computer models are also used to check trend direction |
Вопрос id:1698816 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Even so, many market participants - both fundamental | is Disney, one of the most famous entertainment companies in the world. We’ve translated its listing into plain English | Bar charts, one of the more popular tools of traders, include | information on a particular futures market’s price movements, volume and open interest. Such charts are produced daily, weekly and monthly | Below is a sample stock table from The Wall Street Journal. The company | and technical traders - find that charting helps them stay on the right side of the market, as well as pin down entry and exit points |
Вопрос id:1698817 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Charting is not an exact science. Allowances | consider the leverage they offer imprudent | In fact, there are no superchips in casinos; options and futures have no equivalent in the world of professional gambling because real casinos would | adjust your eyes to the fine print, reading the stock tables is really quite simple | . The stock tables list just about every publicly traded company in the United States, including a summary of its market activities from the previous day and other crucial information about the company and its stock. Securities listed include stocks (both common and preferred), bonds, money market funds, and mutual funds. Once you | must be made for errors, and unexpected events can disrupt forecasts made on chart patterns |
Вопрос id:1698818 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Below is a sample stock table from The Wall Street Journal. The company | knowing the specific reasons for them | The chartist, therefore, searches for certain formations or patterns, which indicate bullish or bearish shifts in fundamentals. If his analysis is correct, he can quickly profit from the changes without necessarily | information, political events, natural disasters and psychological factors will quickly show up in some form of price movement. | The cornerstone of technical trading is the belief that fundamental | is Disney, one of the most famous entertainment companies in the world. We’ve translated its listing into plain English |
Вопрос id:1698819 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | In fact, there are no superchips in casinos; options and futures have no equivalent in the world of professional gambling because real casinos would | consider the leverage they offer imprudent | Charting is not an exact science. Allowances | trader cannot sit back and relax knowing that his futures contract will bring in smooth returns | But a commodity that has trended up during one year, may turn around in the opposite direction the next year - and very quickly, too. For this reason, the commodity | must be made for errors, and unexpected events can disrupt forecasts made on chart patterns |
Вопрос id:1698820 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Bar charts, one of the more popular tools of traders, include | price itself may react before the fundamental information comes to light, chart action can alert the fundamental analyst that something is happening and encourage closer market analysis | Fundamental traders can also use charting information. Since the market | information on a particular futures market’s price movements, volume and open interest. Such charts are produced daily, weekly and monthly | The chartist, therefore, searches for certain formations or patterns, which indicate bullish or bearish shifts in fundamentals. If his analysis is correct, he can quickly profit from the changes without necessarily | knowing the specific reasons for them |
Вопрос id:1698821 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Your paper may also publish corporate quarterly reports. These brief summaries show how much profit a large corporation has earned during the past three | consider the leverage they offer imprudent | In fact, there are no superchips in casinos; options and futures have no equivalent in the world of professional gambling because real casinos would | months. Quarterly reports can help investors evaluate a company, but not all corporations publish them | You’ve probably noticed the long columns of numbers and symbols at the back of the financial section of your newspaper. Although they may seem confusing at first glance, these columns - referred to as stock tables or | listings - are the heart of the financial pages |
Вопрос id:1698822 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | The chartist, therefore, searches for certain formations or patterns, which indicate bullish or bearish shifts in fundamentals. If his analysis is correct, he can quickly profit from the changes without necessarily | of jobbers and brokers became part of large financial groups centred on banks. These became ‘market makers’. | Your paper may also publish corporate quarterly reports. These brief summaries show how much profit a large corporation has earned during the past three | knowing the specific reasons for them | The effect of these changes was that many firms | months. Quarterly reports can help investors evaluate a company, but not all corporations publish them |
Вопрос id:1698823 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | You’ve probably noticed the long columns of numbers and symbols at the back of the financial section of your newspaper. Although they may seem confusing at first glance, these columns - referred to as stock tables or | listings - are the heart of the financial pages | Keep in mind that futures prices are more volatile | heartbeat he can double or lose his money | For a tiny down-payment, a buyer of a futures contract takes the same risk as in owning a large number of bonds; in a | than stock prices. An established company that has enjoyed a long history of solid earnings will probably continue to do so |
Вопрос id:1698824 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | The attraction of options and futures, our speciality item, was that they offered both liquidity and | before, act only as agents for investors and charge commission | Your paper may also publish corporate quarterly reports. These brief summaries show how much profit a large corporation has earned during the past three | fantastic leverage. They were a mechanism for gambling in the bond markets, like superchips in a casino that represent a thousand dollars but cost only three | This means that they committed themselves to always offering a buying and a selling price in a range of shares. There are also ‘broker dealers’, who buy from and sell to their clients, but do not always ‘make a market’, and ‘agency brokers’, who, as | months. Quarterly reports can help investors evaluate a company, but not all corporations publish them |
Вопрос id:1698825 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Keep in mind that futures prices are more volatile | and other sources, and make their own market and price forecasts | Also, a few private advisory services provide commodity market information. They analyze available information from government | of face to face on the trading floor | Because of the new computerised dealing system the trading floor of the Stock Exchange is much less busy, since dealers buy and sell ‘off-screen’ in their offices, instead | than stock prices. An established company that has enjoyed a long history of solid earnings will probably continue to do so |
Вопрос id:1698826 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | People who buy new issues | of the latest electronic equipment with which they can deal in Tokyo and New York, as well as in London | Your paper may also publish corporate quarterly reports. These brief summaries show how much profit a large corporation has earned during the past three | of shares and sell immediately in the hope of making a profit are called ‘stags’ | Many firms have moved into new offices with huge dealing rooms full | months. Quarterly reports can help investors evaluate a company, but not all corporations publish them |
Вопрос id:1698827 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | From 1973 to 1987 share prices rose steadily, although there were falls from time to time. It was a ‘bull market’. However, in the week beginning | Telecom, British Gas and British Airways | Several brokerage firms issue market letters, which are usually in the form of digests of market information | with opinions on future price trends | Large profits were made by ‘stags’ in 1984-87 when the government sold (or ‘privatised’) nationalised industries, such as British | 19 October 1987 there were sudden and dramatic falls in share prices on all the world stock markets |
Вопрос id:1698828 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Some people expected prices to rise again, but others | Telecom, British Gas and British Airways | Large profits were made by ‘stags’ in 1984-87 when the government sold (or ‘privatised’) nationalised industries, such as British | believed that this was the beginning of a long-term ‘bear market’ and a worldwide economic recession. They compared it to the Great Crash of 1929 and the recession of the 1930s | In particular, the firms of jobbers and brokers were very small in comparison with the American and Japanese investment banks. Consequently, on 27th October 1986 | on a day known as ‘Big Bang’, the system described above was abolished |
Вопрос id:1698829 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Large profits were made by ‘stags’ in 1984-87 when the government sold (or ‘privatised’) nationalised industries, such as British | as an international financial market place with the larger stock markets in New York and Tokyo | Jobbers were not allowed to sell directly to the public, and brokers were not allowed to sell their | own shares to their clients | During the 1970s it became clear that this system would not allow London to compete successfully | Telecom, British Gas and British Airways |
Вопрос id:1698830 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | The way of doing business on the Stock Exchange changed over the years, but by the end of the nineteenth century members were | divided into two groups - stockbrokers, who bought and sold shares for their clients and charged fixed rates of commission for this service, and stockjobbers who bought and sold shares on their own account | Brokers bought shares from jobbers, who made money from the difference between their selling price and their buying price. Jobbers | 19 October 1987 there were sudden and dramatic falls in share prices on all the world stock markets | From 1973 to 1987 share prices rose steadily, although there were falls from time to time. It was a ‘bull market’. However, in the week beginning | had ‘pitches’, rather like market stalls, on the trading floor of the Stock Exchange, where brokers would go to buy or sell according to their clients’ instructions |
Вопрос id:1698831 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | In 1801 the Stock Exchange was formed and soon became | the accepted place to buy and sell shares. One reason for its success was the fact that people would be compensated, if a member of the Stock Exchange behaved dishonestly | The Stock Exchange was formed as a private organisation whose members could be expelled if they | did not maintain the highest standards | In particular, the firms of jobbers and brokers were very small in comparison with the American and Japanese investment banks. Consequently, on 27th October 1986 | on a day known as ‘Big Bang’, the system described above was abolished |
Вопрос id:1698832 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Imagine how crowds would overwhelm a casino in which | everyone, who plays wins big, and you’ll have some idea of what our unit was like in those days | There was good reason for their | eagerness. The American bond market was shooting through the roof | Several dozen phone lights flashed continually on our telephone boards. European investors (I shall refer to them as ‘investors’ or ‘customers’, even though most of them were pure speculators and the rest not-so-pure speculators) wanted to | place their bets on the American bond market from eight in the morning until eight at night |
Вопрос id:1698833 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | The way of doing business on the Stock Exchange changed over the years, but by the end of the nineteenth century members were | market that means forecasting using fundamental analysis, technical analysis (charting), or both | The fundamental approach to forecasting futures prices involves monitoring demand and supply. Traders | divided into two groups - stockbrokers, who bought and sold shares for their clients and charged fixed rates of commission for this service, and stockjobbers who bought and sold shares on their own account | He must do his homework. In the futures | gather this information from a number of sources trade organizations, private newsgathering and research firms, and the press |
Вопрос id:1698834 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | There was good reason for their | is the U.S. government through the Departments of Agriculture, Treasury and Commerce and the Federal Reserve Banks | Several brokerage firms issue market letters, which are usually in the form of digests of market information | eagerness. The American bond market was shooting through the roof | The most complete source of information | with opinions on future price trends |
Вопрос id:1698835 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Also, a few private advisory services provide commodity market information. They analyze available information from government | and other sources, and make their own market and price forecasts | He must do his homework. In the futures | can negotiate very low charges | This makes little difference to the individual, but it means that large purchasers of shares, such as insurance companies | market that means forecasting using fundamental analysis, technical analysis (charting), or both |
Вопрос id:1698836 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Several brokerage firms issue market letters, which are usually in the form of digests of market information | and the intensity of competition, it is likely that the number of firms dealing in shares will become fewer and larger | The prices of shares change from day-to-day according to supply and demand and the rise or fall of the market is measured by the Financial Times’ 30-share Index, which | records movements in the share prices of thirty large companies | Because of the pace of technological change | with opinions on future price trends |
Вопрос id:1698837 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Also, a few private advisory services provide commodity market information. They analyze available information from government | divided into two groups - stockbrokers, who bought and sold shares for their clients and charged fixed rates of commission for this service, and stockjobbers who bought and sold shares on their own account | Each person’s contribution was divided into shares - Ј1,000 would be divided into 1,000 Ј1 shares, for example. If the company did well, the shareholders could sell all or some of their shares at a higher price than they had paid | for them to people, who wanted to have a share of the company’s profit, or who expected that the price of a share would increase even more and that they could sell at a profit too | The way of doing business on the Stock Exchange changed over the years, but by the end of the nineteenth century members were | and other sources, and make their own market and price forecasts |
Вопрос id:1698838 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | At the end of the sixteenth century the first Joint-stock companies were formed in England to trade overseas, e.g., the East India | did not maintain the highest standards | The Stock Exchange was formed as a private organisation whose members could be expelled if they | Company (1600) which traded in India | In order to establish these companies, a number of people contributed sums of money and then shared the profit or accepted the | loss when the company began trading |
Вопрос id:1698839 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Thirdly, firms outside the Stock Exchange, such as British and foreign banks were allowed to become members of the Stock Exchange, and fourthly, a new computerised dealing system - Stock Exchange | Automated Quotations - was introduced | Alternatively, you could write a call option giving someone else the right to buy the share at 100: if the market price of the underlying | security remains below the option’s exercise price or strike price, no-one will take up the option, and you earn the premium | A market in shares developed in the coffee houses of the City of London. At first | it was an unregulated market and in 1720 many people lost their money in the ‘South Sea Bubble,’ when the South Sea Company collapsed |
Вопрос id:1698840 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | If it’s a hedge you manage it passively, you don’t worry too much, if rates move | well as ISDA’s code of conduct, as well as the Bankers’ Trust-Federal Reserve sales agreement | I think the industry realizes that it has to police itself. I think they realize that if they don’t police themselves the regulators will come on, on them. I think that’s why we’ve seen the framework for (8) voluntary oversight from the SEC-registered companies, as | against you or in your favour | And then you have to judge whether the P&L impact of that transaction can be (6) withstood in the firm. Or as in P&G’s case | .. whether cost savings generated are worth the (7) open-ended exposure. I think there’s also a need for management to give the front line personnel relevant guidelines for all activities |
Вопрос id:1698841 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Apart from this ‘tax shield’, it is generally considered to be a sign of good health and anticipated higher future profits if a company borrows. On the other hand, increasing debt increases financial risk: bond interest has to be paid, even in a year without any profits from which to deduct it, and | the principal has to be repaid, when the debt matures, whereas companies are not obliged to pay dividends or repay share capital | I think all these codes of conduct embody the principle that the major risks of a transaction have to be | analysis to see what market conditions they’re most sensitive to | You need (3) stop-loss limits, you need to conduct (4) scenario analysis to see how that transaction behaves under various conditions, you need to conduct (5) sensitivity | explained to customers, and that sensitivity and scenario analysis are offered (9) unsolicited to customers, and that these analyses should be done as objectively, as possible |
Вопрос id:1698842 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | I think all these codes of conduct embody the principle that the major risks of a transaction have to be | explained to customers, and that sensitivity and scenario analysis are offered (9) unsolicited to customers, and that these analyses should be done as objectively, as possible | For companies, the advantage of debt financing over equity financing is that bond interest is tax deductible. In other words, a company | deducts its interest payments from its profits before paying tax, whereas dividends are paid out of already-taxed profits | Consequently, the majority of bonds on the secondary market are traded either above or below par. A bond’s yield at any particular time is thus its coupon | . (the amount of interest it pays) expressed as a percentage of its price on the secondary market |
Вопрос id:1698843 Correspond the left and right parts | Левая часть | Правая часть | Obviously, the higher the rating, the lower the interest rate at which | bond market until they mature. Bonds are therefore liquid, although of course their price on the secondary market fluctuates according to changes in interest rates | Most bonds are bearer certificates, so after being issued (on the primary market), they can be traded on the secondary | a company can borrow | You need (3) stop-loss limits, you need to conduct (4) scenario analysis to see how that transaction behaves under various conditions, you need to conduct (5) sensitivity | analysis to see what market conditions they’re most sensitive to |
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