Список вопросов базы знаний

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Although the organization of the family can vary greatly, there are certain general principles concerning its composition, descent patterns, residence patterns, and authority patterns.

B) A family can defined as a set of persons related by blood, marriage (or some agreed-upon relationship) or adoption who share the primary responsibility for reproduction and caring for members of society.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Apparently there are certain minimum tasks that must performed in all human groups.

B) Apparently there are certain minimum tasks that must be performed in all human groups.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Consequently, democracies are generally maintain through a mode of participation known as representative democracy, in which certain individuals are selected to speak for the people.

B) Consequently, democracies are generally maintained through a mode of participation know as representative democracy, in which certain individuals are selected to speak for the people.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Consequently, democracies are generally maintained through a mode of participation known as representative democracy, in which certain individuals are selected to speak for the people.

B) What are the advantage (преимущества) of the extended family over the nuclear family?

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Each society establishes a political system by which it is governed.

B) In modern industrial societies there are five basic types of government: monarchy, oligarchy, dictatorship, totalitarianism and democracy.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Every culture and society has distinctive norm governing what is called appropriate behaviour..

B) Laws, dress codes, bylaws of organizations, course requirements and rules of sports and games all express social norms

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Formal social control carried out by authorized agents, such as police officers, judges, school admini­strators, employers, military officers and managers of organizations.

B) Formal social control is carried out by authorized agents, such police officers, judges, school admini­strators, employers, military officers and managers of organizations.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Frequently, dictatorships develop such overwhelming control over people's lives that they are called totalitarian.

B) Totalitarianism involves complete governmental control over all aspects social and political life in a society.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Group decision-making is much slower than individual, but group decisions tend to be more accurate.

B) People in a group are sometimes willing to make decisions involving greater risk than they would alone.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Groups first orient themselves, evaluate control the expression of negative and positive reaction and then achieve solidarity in making a decision.

B) In some cases, groups seek concurrence so strongly that groupthink occurs, creating a situation in which alternatives are not viewed realistically but only in terms of making the group members happy with each other.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Groups generally reward members who conforms to their norms.

B) Group opinion strongly influences individual behavior and judgment toward that of the group.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Hobbes had maintain that man's fundamental motivation was the craving for power and that men were always basically in conflict with each other.

B) Hobbes had maintained that man's fundamental motivation the craving for power and that men were always basically in conflict with each other.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Homan's exchange theory state that people try to maximize rewards and minimize costs in social transactions and will conform to the group under these conditions.

B) Homan's exchange theory states that people try maximize rewards and minimize costs in social transactions and will conform to the group under these conditions.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) How do you understand the term “a social system”?

B) What does a social system consist?

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) If we fail to do so, we may face punishment through informal sanctions, such as fear of ridicule, or formal sanctions, such as jail sentences or fines.

B) Even without thinking we obey the instructions of police officers, follow the day-to-day rules at our jobs, and move to the rear of elevators, when people enter.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) In a literal sense, democracy means government the people.

B) The word «democracy» is originated in two Greek roots – «demos», meaning «the common people», and «kratia», meaning «rule».

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) In human society the family has traditionally been viewed in very narrow terms – as a married couple and their unmarried children living together.

B) A family can defined as a set of persons related by blood, marriage (or some agreed-upon relationship) or adoption who share the primary responsibility for reproduction and caring for members of society.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) In modern industrial societies there are five basic types of government: monarchy, oligarchy, dictatorship, totalitarianism and democracy.

B) A monarchy is a form of government head by a single member of a royal family, usually a king, or a queen.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) In organizations workers must cope with a formal system rules and regulations.

B) Finally, the government of every society legislate and enforces social norms.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) In the course of time Christianity divided into several branches.

B) Among the other Christian faith is the Anglican Church or the Church of England which was established in the 16th century as a branch of the Christian Church.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) In the family we obey our parents.

B) In peer groups we obey informal norms, such as dress codes, that govern the behaviour of members.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Members who have the highest rate of group participation are most often chosen to be leaders. Other traits associated with leadership are intelligence, enthusiasm, dominance, self-confidence and egalitarianism.

B) Members who have the highest rate of group participation are most often chosen to be leaders.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Moreover, the family resource affect our ability to pursue certain opportunities such as higher education and specialized lessons.

B) Religion is found throughout the world because it offers answers to such ultimate questions as why we exist, why we succeed or fail, and why we die.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Most of us respect and accept basic social norms and assume that others will the same.

B) Even without thinking we obey the instructions of police officers, follow the day-to-day rules at our jobs, and move to the rear of elevators, when people enter.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Parsons’ second major interest has been to make sociology more scientific and systematic, by developing abstract conceptions of the social system.

B) Parsons’ second major interest has been make sociology more scientific and systematic, by developing abstract conceptions of the social system.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Religion is found throughout world because it offers answers to such ultimate questions as why we exist, why we succeed or fail, and why we die.

B) Christianity was established in the 1st century AD and later developed into a ruling religion.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Social structure is a term used in the social sciences to refer patterned social arrangements in society that are both emergent from and determinant (определяющий фактор) of the actions of the individuals.

B) Social structure is a term used in the social sciences to refer to patterned social arrangements in society that are both emergent from and determinant (определяющий фактор) of the actions the individuals.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Social support has been found to significantly increase an individual's satisfaction with life, promote health and well-be of individuals and reduce the effects of stress in a person's life.

B) A small group is a collection of people who meet more or less regularly in face to face interaction who possess a common identity or exclusiveness of purpose and who share a set of standards governing their activities.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Social support has found to significantly increase an individual's satisfaction with life, promote health and well-being of individuals and reduce the effects of stress in a person's life.

B) People who have supportive primary group relationships also live longer.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Social systems are open systems, exchanging information with, frequently acting with reference other systems.

B) Social systems are open systems, exchanging information with, frequently acting with reference to other systems.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Sociologists have become increasingly interest in the creation of laws as a social process. In their view, law is not merely a static body of rules handed down from generation to generation.

B) Sociologists have become increasingly interested in the creation of laws as a social process. In their view, law is not merely static body of rules handed down from generation to generation.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Some laws, such as the prohibition against murder, are direct at all members of society.

B) Others, such as fishing and hunting regulations, are aimed primarily at particular categories of persons. Still others govern the behavior or social institutions (corporation law).

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Some laws, such as the prohibition against murder, are directed at all members of society.

B) Some laws, such as the prohibition against murder, are directed at all members society.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Some norms are considered so important by a society that they are formalized into laws controlling people's behaviour.

B) In a political sense, law is the body of rules made by government for society, interpreted by the courts and backed by the power of the state.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) The family as a social institution is present in all cultures.

B) A family can defined as a set of persons related by blood, marriage (or some agreed-upon relationship) or adoption who share the primary responsibility for reproduction and caring for members of society.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) The family is obliged serve the emotional needs of its members.

B) We expect our relatives understand us, to care for us, and to be there with us when we need them.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) The five primary institutions found among all human groups.

B) Sociologists operating in terms of the functionalism society model have provide the clearest explanation of the functions served by social institutions.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) The major units of a social system are said be collectivities and roles (i.e. not individuals as such); and the major patterns or relationships linking these units are values (ends or broad guides to action) and norms (rules governing role performance in the context of system values).

B) The major units of a social system are said to be collectivities and roles (i.e. not individuals as such); and the major patterns or relationships linking these units are values (ends or broad guides to action) and norms (rules governing role performance in the context of system values).

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) The sanctions use to encourage conformity and obedience – and to discourage violation of social norms – are carried out through informal and formal social control.

B) Informal social control is used by people casually; examples of such control include smiles, laughter, raising an eye-brow, and ridicule.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) The term social control refers to the techniques and strategies for regulating human behaviour in any society.

B) Social control occurs on all levels society.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) The usage of the term "social structure" has changed over time and may reflect the various levels of analysis within differing sub-fields of sociology.

B) The usage of the term "social structure" has change over time and may reflect the various levels of analysis within differing sub-fields of sociology.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) There are three basic source of power within any political system – force, influence and authority.

B) Force is the actual or threatened use of coercion impose one's will on others.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Thus, for many sociologist the term social system is not by any means restricted to those situations where there is binding normative regulation; but in order to qualify as social system it must involve a common focus, or set of foci, or orientations and a shared mode of communication among a majority of actors.

B) Thus, for many sociologists the term social system is not by any means restricted to those situations where there is binding normative regulation; but in order to qualify as social system it must involve a common focus, or set of foci, or orientations and a shared mode of communication among a majority of actors.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Various points in Parsons' formulation have been criticized.

B) However, it is widely agreed that sociologists should operate with some clearly defined conception of what constitutes a social system.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) What are the functions social systems?

B) What is “the problem of social order”?

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) When did the Orthodox Church come into being?

B) What are the main features of social institutions?