Список вопросов базы знаний

Personality system: This aspect of the system of social action is responsible for the needs for fulfillment___ the man makes effort and performs certain actions.

Culture is the totality of learned, socially transmitted behaviour. It ___ideas, values and customs of groups of people.

Material culture refers to the physical or technological aspects of our daily lives___ food items, houses, factories and raw materials.

Methods of sociology of management combine approaches not only sociological research, but also campaigns of other sciences. All using methods can be divided ___three basic groups.

Nonmaterial culture refers___ ways of using material objects and to customs, beliefs, philosophies, governments and patterns of communications.

Social System: A social system consists of a purity of individual actor’s interacting with each other in a situation which has at least a physical or environmental aspect, actors are motivated___ tendency to the optimization of gratification and whose relations to the situation including each other are defined and motivated in terms of system of culturally structured and shaped symbols.

Subject of sociology of management is the evaluation, studying, perfection of managerial processes in various types of social societies, the social organizations, the social institutes, all society, each of which represents specific system of social interactions of people and___ groups.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Political sociologists apply several theories to substantive issues.

B) Three major theoretical frameworks are pluralism, elite or managerial theory and class analysis which overlaps with Marxist analysis.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Teaching is the major career of many sociologists. In addition the concerns and problems of teaching in any field, the problem of value neutrality versus value commitment is a particularly acute question.

B) Teaching is the major career of many sociologists. In addition to the concerns and problems of teaching in any field, the problem of value neutrality versus value commitment is a particularly acute question.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) The term clinical sociologist has appeared to describe the work of the sociologist as technician.

B) Some sociologists are engaged in planning and conducting community action programmes advise on public relations, employee relations, working on human relations problems etc.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) As societies strive to become modernized and as the role of formally organized political parties become more and more dominant, it appears difficult to make a sharp distinction between the social stratification and the institutional approaches to political sociology.

B) As societies strive to become modernized and as the role of formally organized political parties becomes more and more dominant, it appear difficult to make a sharp distinction between the social stratification and the institutional approaches to political sociology.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Contemporary political sociology involves much more than the study of the relations between state and society.

B) Contemporary political sociology involve much more than the study of the relations between state and society.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Every discipline develops concepts as time savers. Most of the concepts of sociology are expressed in words which also a popular meaning.

B) Every science appropriates some common words and makes them into scientific concepts by giving them a specific definition and sociology is no exception.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Every science appropriates some common words and makes them into scientific concepts by giving them a specific definition and sociology is no exception.

B) As societies strive to become modernized and as the role of formally organized political parties becomes more and more dominant, it appears difficult to make a sharp distinction between the social stratification and the institutional approaches to political sociology.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Most social science prediction consist not of predicting specific developments as the astronomer predicts an eclipse but of forecasting the general pattern of trends and changes which seem most probable.

B) Most social science prediction consists not of predicting specific developments as the astronomer predicts an eclipse but of forecasting the general pattern of trends and changes which seem most probable.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) One of the greatest services any scholarly group can offer is show the society what policies are most likely to work in achieving its objectives.

B) One of the greatest services any scholarly group can offer is to show the society what policies are most likely to work in achieving its objectives.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Pluralism sees politics primarily as a contest among competing interest groups.

B) Elite or managerial theory is sometimes called a state-centered approach.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Pluralism sees politics primarily as a contest among competing interest groups. Elite or managerial theory is sometimes call a state-centered approach.

B) Pluralism sees politics primarily as a contest among competing interest groups. Elite or managerial theory is sometimes called a state-centered approach.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Policies have often failed because they embodied unsound assumptions and predictions.

B) One of the greatest service any scholarly group can offer is to show the society what policies are most likely to work in achieving its objectives.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Political sociology looks at how major social trends can affect the political process, as well as exploring how various social forces work together to change political policies.

B) Political sociologists apply several theories substantive issues.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Sociological prediction can also help to estimate the probable effects of a social policy.

B) Every social policy decision is a prediction. A policy is begun in the hope that it will produce a desired effect.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Sociologists can help to predict the effects of a policy and thus contribute to the selection policies which achieve the intended purposes.

B) Policies have often fail because they embodied unsound assumptions and predictions.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Sociologists have helped to clear doubts about hereditary, race, class, sex differences, deviation and nearly every other aspect of behaviour.

B) Another task of the sociologist as a scientist is to clear away the misinformation and superstition which clutters so much of our social thinking.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Sociologists make sociological prediction. Every policy decision is based upon certain assumptions about the present and future state of the society.

B) Sociologists make sociological predictions. Every policy decision based upon certain assumptions about the present and future state of the society.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Some sociologists are engage in planning and conducting community action programmes advising on public relations, employee relations, working on human relations problems etc.

B) The term clinical sociologist has appeared to describe the work of the sociologist as technician.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Theorists of the democratic process have therefore had face the task of making an intellectual contribution to “institution building,” both to strengthen parliament and to make possible representation at new points in the political process.

B) Important innovations in the field come from the French Pragmatism and particularly from the Political and Moral Sociology elaborate by Luc Boltanski and Laurent Thévenot.

Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?

A) Theorists of the democratic process have therefore had to face the task of make an intellectual contribution to “institution building,” both to strengthen parliament and to make possible representation at new points in the political process.

B) The structuralism approach emphasizes how the very way a capitalist economy operates only allows and encourages the state to do some things but not others. Its best known representative was Nicos Poulantzas.

A number of full time research sociologists are employed by universities, government agencies, foundations or corporations and many sociologists divide ___time between teaching and research.

Like all scientists sociologists are concerned with both collecting and using knowledge. As a scientist the sociologist's foremost task is ___ and organize knowledge about social life.

___of the sociologist as a scientist is to clear away the misinformation and superstition which clutters so much of our social thinking.

Another type of political situation obtains in those developing countries of ancient civilization which are___ to modernize their societies after emancipation from foreign rule.

In the third category are included industrially advanced countries of Europe, North America, and Australia etc. Here a distinction should___ made between two types of political systems – the democratic capitalist and communist countries.

The general political characteristics of the modern industrial societies of the first type are the existence of a nation state as the political movement, the election of the political executive by universal adult suffrage (голос (при голосовании)) and the administration ___public affairs by a large bureaucracy.

Because organizations can be viewed as systems, management can also___ defined as human action to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system.

Culture is the symbolic-expressive___ of social life.

Male body language tends___ challenging. Female body language tends towards self-protection.

People live in human societies. A society is the largest form of human social organization that ___people who live in the same territory, are relatively independent of people outside their area and share a common heritage or a common culture.

Political sociology is the study of the relations between state and society. The discipline draws on comparative history to___ socio-political trends.

Political sociology looks at how major social trends can affect the political process, as well as exploring how various social forces work together ___political policies.

Sociologists ___to clear doubts about hereditary, race, class, sex differences, deviation and nearly every other aspect of behaviour.

The male___ to business is competitive, direct and confrontational. The end justifies the means (the end justifies the means: it doesn’t matter what methods you use: success is the only important thing.). Personal status and a focus on the individual are important.

A culture's most important aspects are communicated to people___ language.

A stereotypical female pose is ___cross-legged; the male sits with legs apart to give an impression that he is in control.

According to A.V.Sergejchuk’s opinion subject of sociology of management is social systems with a hierarchical characteristics of the organization. Sociology of management___ us to see management with the eyes of the sociologist.

All societies have particular ways of encouraging what they view as appropriate behaviour while discouraging and punishing what they consider___ improper conduct.

Among sociologists, “culture” just as often refers to the beliefs that people hold about reality, the norms that guide ___behaviour, the values that orient their moral commitments, or the symbols through which these beliefs, norms, and values are communicated.

As societies strive to become modernized and as the role of formally organized political parties becomes more and more dominant, it appears difficult ___a sharp distinction between the social stratification and the institutional approaches to political sociology.

Contemporary political sociology involves much more___ the study of the relations between state and society.

Elite or managerial theory is sometimes called a state-___ approach.

Every social action has two aspects one is___ reality and other is its form.