|
|
Список вопросов базы знанийАнгл.язык: профессиональная терминология и основы перевода научных текстов (магистр)Вопрос id:881221 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
inventive and rationalization activity | основные направления | the basic directions | убеждение | a belief | изобретательская и рационализаторская деятельность |
Вопрос id:881222 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
forecasting | становление | foreign policy activity | прогнозирование | a formation | внешнеполитическая деятельность |
Вопрос id:881223 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
a precondition | предварительное условие | relevant | релевантный, значимый; существенный | general-theoretical | общетеоретический |
Вопрос id:881224 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
a hallmark | разъяснение избирательного процесса | a clarification of the election process | охватить, охватывать | to encompass | признак |
Вопрос id:881225 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
a consequence | последствие | an executive leadership | исполнительное руководство | a definition of indicators | определение показателей |
Вопрос id:881226 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
consumerism | поощрять | to encourage | расширение избирательного права | an extension of suffrage | защита прав потребителей |
Вопрос id:881227 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
to overlap | частично покрывать; перекрывать, частично совпадать | a social inequality | метод, методика, способ, устройство | a device | социальное неравенство |
Вопрос id:881228 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
contemporary | анализировать социополитические тенденции | to analyze socio-political trends | ведущий представитель | a leading representative | современный |
Вопрос id:881229 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
an extraordinary holiday | переквалификация работников | a training for a new profession | временный работник | a temporary worker | внеочередной отпуск |
Вопрос id:881230 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
improvement of workers professional skills | увольнение по инициативе администрации | a dismissal at the administration initiative | повышение квалификации работников | a rational planning | рациональное планирование |
Вопрос id:881231 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
a subordinated | единомышленник | a stability of office position | подчиненный | an adherent | стабильность служебного положения |
Вопрос id:881232 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
corresponding services and divisions | соответствующие службы и подразделения | staff cooperation | принцип коллегиальности | a principle of collective leadership | сотрудничество персонала |
Вопрос id:881233 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
corresponding services and divisions | сотрудничество персонала | staff cooperation | высшее руководство | the top management | соответствующие службы и подразделения |
Вопрос id:881234 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
An innovation is the process of introducing an idea or object that | is new to culture. | There are two forms of innovation: | a discovery and an invention. | Each generation and each year most human cultures change and expand | through the process of innovation and diffusion. |
Вопрос id:881235 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
By contrast, an invention results when existing cultural items are combined | of an aspect of reality. | A discovery involves making known or sharing the existence | into a form that did not exist before. | The bow and the arrow, the automobile and the television are all examples of | inventions, as are Protestantism and democracy. |
Вопрос id:881236 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
Through advances in culture, human beings have | of contemporary sociological work. | The identification of a new moon of Saturn | come a long way from our prehistoric heritage. | The study of culture is an important part | is an act of discovery. |
Вопрос id:881237 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
We can send astronauts to the Moon; we have such achievements as the symphonies of Beethoven, the paintings of | Van Gogh, the poetry of Byron and the novels of Dostoevsky. | Human beings have made | relatively independent of people outside their area and share a common heritage or a common culture. | People live in human societies. A society is the largest form of human social organization that consists of people who live in the same territory, are | dramatic cultural advances. |
Вопрос id:881238 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
The sociological study of | subfield during the 1980s. | Amid this diversity, | what unifies the sociology of culture are two core commitments. | Within the discipline, the sociology of culture emerged as a bounded | culture encompasses all these diverse meanings of “culture.” |
Вопрос id:881239 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
In common usage, the term “culture” can mean the cultivation associated with “civilized” habits of mind, the creative | products associated with the arts, or the entire way of life associated with a group. | Among sociologists, “culture” just as often refers to the beliefs that people hold about reality, the norms that guide their behaviour, the values | that orient their moral commitments, or the symbols through which these beliefs, norms, and values are communicated. | Culture is the symbolic-expressive | dimension of social life. |
Вопрос id:881240 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
Many cultural universals are, in fact, adaptations to meet essential human needs, | folklore, food habits, funeral ceremonies, games, gift giving, language, laws, medicine, music, myths, numerals, personal names, property rights, religion, sexual restrictions, tool making. | Cultural universals are general practices | such as people's need for food, shelter and clothing. | Anthropologists compiled a list of such universals that includes the following: athletic sports, attempts to influence weather, bodily adornment, calendar, cooking, courtship, dancing, dream interpretation, family, | found in every culture. |
Вопрос id:881241 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
Each generation and each year most human cultures change and | known or sharing the existence of an aspect of reality. | .An innovation is the process of introducing an idea or object that | expand through the process of innovation and diffusion. | There are two forms of innovation: a discovery and an invention. A discovery involves making | is new to culture. |
Вопрос id:881242 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
Like all scientists sociologists are concerned with both collecting and | divide their time between teaching and research. | As a scientist the sociologist's foremost task is to discover and organize | using knowledge. | A number of full time research sociologists are employed by universities, government agencies, foundations or corporations and many sociologists | knowledge about social life. |
Вопрос id:881243 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
Another task of the sociologist as a scientist is to clear away the misinformation and | nearly every other aspect of behaviour. | By helping replace superstition and misinformation with accurate knowledge about | human behaviour sociologists are performing their most important role. | Sociologists have helped to clear doubts about hereditary, race, class, sex differences, deviation and | superstition which clutters so much of our social thinking. |
Вопрос id:881244 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
Every social policy | it will produce a desired effect. | A policy is begun in the hope that | of a social policy. | Sociological prediction can also help to estimate the probable effects | decision is a prediction. |
Вопрос id:881245 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
Sociologists can help to predict the effects of a policy and thus contribute | upon a youth's future earnings? | For example what effect does dropping out of high school have | work in achieving its objectives. | One of the greatest services any scholarly group can offer is to show the society what policies are most likely to | to the selection of policies which achieve the intended purposes. |
Вопрос id:881246 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
Often these sociologists have specialized in social psychology, industrial sociology, urban or rural sociology or the sociology of | as technician. | The term clinical sociologist has appeared to describe the work of the sociologist | complex organizations. | Some sociologists are engaged in planning and conducting community action programmes advising | on public relations, employee relations, working on human relations problems etc. |
Вопрос id:881247 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
In such positions the sociologist is working as an applied scientist. He or she has been engaged to use scientific knowledge in pursuing certain values - | of many sociologists. | In addition to the concerns and problems of teaching in any field, the problem of | a harmonious and efficient working force, an attractive public image of the industry or an effective community action programme. | Teaching is the major career | value neutrality versus value commitment is a particularly acute question. |
Вопрос id:881248 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
Scientists seek to discover knowledge but should they tell the society how this knowledge | development and many other matters involving questions of public policy. | Early sociologists gave support to all sorts | should be used? The basic question is whether science specifically sociology should be value-free. | For example sociologists know some things about population growth, race relations, urban | of public policies they believed in. |
Вопрос id:881249 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
They feel that not only do sociologists have a duty to say what society might do about problems of race conflict, population growth, birth control, drug addiction, divorce etc but | the sociologists should say what society should do about such problems. | Sociologists generally avoided involvement in controversial issues and | and should involve themselves in the major issues of our society. | Many sociologists today believe that sociologists should claim a major role in making decisions about public policy | sought the status of pure social scientists. |
Вопрос id:881250 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
Sociologists may clarify what value sacrifices must be | show the relationships between values. | Sociologists have agreed upon some of the propositions: Sociologists should | must be prepared to spend a lot of tax money in doing so. | If we wish to clean up polluted rivers we | made if we wish to attain certain other values. |
Вопрос id:881251 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
As a scientist the sociologist may not know whether television violence is harmful to children and therefore might not make public recommendations | concerning what role they should assume. | Beyond this there is no complete agreement among sociologists | causes and join reform movements like any other citizen. | A sociologist as an individual may properly make value judgments, support | but as a parent will make a decision according to the personal beliefs and values. |
Вопрос id:881252 Соедините части предложений | Левая часть | Правая часть |
|---|
In social work the better jobs demand a graduate degree in social work and a strong post graduate degree in | what possibilities it holds for a career | A student who becomes interested in a subject may wonder | in itself preparation for a professional career as a sociologist. | A combination of courses which constitutes an undergraduate minor or major in sociology is not | social work/sociology is usually recommended. |
Вопрос id:881253 A social group ___two or more people who interact with one another and who recognize themselves as a distinct social unit. ?) consists ?) includes ?) include ?) consists of Вопрос id:881254 A social institution is a complex, integrated set ___ social norms organized around the preservation of a basic societal value. Вопрос id:881255 Promoting social and political integration is another important function of education because it transforms a population ___of different racial, ethnic, and religious groups into a society whose members share a common identity. ?) consisting ?) consisted ?) composed ?) composing Вопрос id:881256 Socialism is an economic system under which the means___ production and distribution are collectively owned. Вопрос id:881257 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) In shorthand form, or as concepts, these five basic institution are called the family, government, economy, education and religion.
B) In shorthand form, or as concepts, these five basic institutions are called the family, government, economy, education and religion. ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - да, В - да ?) А - нет, В - нет ?) А - нет, В - да Вопрос id:881258 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) What are main features of social institutions?
B) How do you understand the behaviour Code? ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - нет, В - да ?) А - да, В - да ?) А - нет, В - нет Вопрос id:881259 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) Lay persons are likely to use the term "institution" very loosely, for churches, hospitals, jails, and many other things.
B) Sociologists often reserve the term "institution" to describe normative systems that operate in five basic areas of life, which may be designated as the primary institutions. ?) А - нет, В - да ?) А - нет, В - нет ?) А - да, В - да ?) А - да, В - нет Вопрос id:881260 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A dictatorship is a government in which person has nearly total power to make and enforce laws.
B) Typically, dictators seize power by force and are usually bitterly hated the population over whom they rule with an iron hand. ?) А - да, В - да ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - нет, В - да ?) А - нет, В - нет Вопрос id:881261 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A family in which relatives other parents and children – such as grandparents, aunts and uncles – live in the same home is known as an extended family.
B) A family in which relatives other than parents and children – such as grandparents, aunts and uncles – live in the same home is known as an extended family. ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - нет, В - нет ?) А - да, В - да ?) А - нет, В - да Вопрос id:881262 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A formal organization is a group deliberately construct to achieve specific objectives through explicitly defined roles and specified rules
B) Modern societies are characterized by the growth of such organizations and the reduction of primary groups. ?) А - да, В - да ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - нет, В - да ?) А - нет, В - нет Вопрос id:881263 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A group is a set of people recurrently interacting in a structured way according to shared expectations about each other's behaviour.
B) What is difference between primary and secondary groups? ?) А - нет, В - да ?) А - нет, В - нет ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - да, В - да Вопрос id:881264 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A political system is a cultural universal and a social institution formed in every society.
B) Each society must have a political system because politics is deciding who gets what, when and how. ?) А - нет, В - да ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - да, В - да ?) А - нет, В - нет Вопрос id:881265 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A primary group is base on intimate, face to face interaction whereas a secondary group is less cohesive, more formal and less supportive of members.
B) A primary group is based on intimate, face face interaction whereas a secondary group is less cohesive, more formal and less supportive of members. ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - да, В - да ?) А - нет, В - нет ?) А - нет, В - да Вопрос id:881266 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A small group is a collection of people who meet more or less regularly in face to face interaction who possess a common identity or exclusiveness of purpose and who share a set of standards governing their activities.
B) A small group is a collection of people who meet more or less regularly in face to face interaction who possess a common identity or exclusiveness of purpose and who shares a set of standards governing their activities. ?) А - нет, В - нет ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - да, В - да ?) А - нет, В - да Вопрос id:881267 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A social institution is a complex, integrated set of social norms organized around the preservation of a basic societal value
B) Obviously, the sociologist does not define institutions in same way as does the person on the street. ?) А - нет, В - нет ?) А - нет, В - да ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - да, В - да Вопрос id:881268 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A social system basically consists of two or more individuals interacting directly or indirectly in a bounded situation.
B) A social system basically consists of two or more individual interacting directly or indirectly in a bounded situation. ?) А - нет, В - нет ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - нет, В - да ?) А - да, В - да Вопрос id:881269 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) A social system is a central term in sociological systems theory.
B) Various points in Parsons' formulation have criticized. ?) А - нет, В - нет ?) А - нет, В - да ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - да, В - да Вопрос id:881270 Верна ли грамматическая конструкция в данных предложениях?
A) All social system have commonalities (общность).
B) Various points in Parsons' formulation have been criticized. ?) А - нет, В - нет ?) А - нет, В - да ?) А - да, В - нет ?) А - да, В - да |