Список вопросов базы знаний

The Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO

Международное агентство по атомной энергии, МАГАТЭ

World Bank

Продовольственная и сельскохозяйственная организация, ФАО

International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA

Мировой банк

Security Council, SC

Совет безопасности (ООН)

General Assembly, GA

Организация объединенных наций, ООН

The United Nations (Organization), the UN

Генеральная ассамблея (ООН)

under the UN Charter

представитель России в ООН

to adopt (sign) a charter

принять устав

Russian ambassador to the UN

согласно уставу ООН

The United Nations (Organization), the UN

Устав ООН

UN member-states

государства-участники ООН

UN Charter

Организации Объединенных Наций

binding

взять на себя обязательства

commitment

обязательство

to commit oneself to do smth

связывающий

to solve problems

решать проблемы

to refrain

решать разногласия

to settle disputes

воздерживаться

for a term of two years

условия соглашения

term of office

на срок 2 года

terms of agreement

срок службы

to have the right to sign the contract

права человека

human rights

иметь право

to be entitle

иметь право подписать договор

to veto smth

неотемлемое право

peace-keeping forces

налагать вето

inherent right

миротворческие силы

to exec

выполнять

to administer

миротворцы

peace-keepers

руководить

executive body

суверенное равенство

sovereign equality

исполнительный орган

equality

равенство

non-interference

мирное сосуществование

peaceful coexistence

невмешательство

equality

равенство

It was formed at the initiative

and to “refrain... from the threat or use of force against... any state.”

The United Nations came formally into being

on June 26th, 1945, succeeding the League of Nations.

Under the UN Charter, member-states bound themselves to “settle their international disputes by peaceful means”

of the countries that had fought Hitler’s Germany.

Although these promises have not always been realized, the organization has created an international forum

that embraces the vast majority of the world’s nations.

From an original membership

are not members, such as Tonga and Monaco.

There are still some states that

of 51 in 1945, the total has risen to 209.

The Council has 15 members: 10 of them are elected

by the General Assembly for a term of two years each, and five are permanent members.

The central body of the UN – its parliament – is the General Assembly, based in

New York, but its subsidiary agencies are located throughout the world.

The International Court of Justice, for instance, is in the Hague; the World Health Organization in Geneva; the Food and

Agriculture Organization in Rome; and the International Monetary Fund in Washington.

The five are the world’s

has the right only to make recommendations to governments

The most powerful arm of the UN

leading nuclear powers: Britain, China, France, Russia, and the United States; each has the right to veto any Security Council’s resolution.

The General Assembly

is the Security Council, which, in theory, has the authority to impose decisions on member-states.

In the long run, however, principles

the principles of sovereign equality and non-interference in each other’s internal affairs.

It is funded by contributions from member states; the largest single contributor, the United States, has long provided roughly a quarter

of sovereign equality and non-interference won the day.

It is an important date: the Charter is the foundation of international law, resting on

of the UN’s budget since it is rich enough to do it.

Churchill immediately supported the idea of big power hegemony, with characteristic cynicism: “the eagle should permit

was founded with 50member states.

In the long run, however, principles

of sovereign equality and non-interference won the day.

Later that year the UN

the small birds to sing and care not wherefore they sang.”

to prevent the spread of disease

предотвращать распостранение болезни

to prevent war

предотвращать войну

to prevent

предотвращать

to call for a vote of confidence

потерять уверенность

to lose confidence in

поставить Задание о доверии

confidence n

уверенность

to vote for (against)

один человек – один голос

vote n

голосовать за (против)

one man one vote

голос

destructive a

разрушать

to destroy

разрушительный

collapse n, v

крах

difference(s) n

различие

To settle differences

разрешать разногласия

To cause differences

вызывать различия

difference of opinion

преимущество

advantage n

иметь преимущество

to have advantage over

разногласия во взлядх

to increase tension

усилить напряжение

tension n

снять напряжение

to reduce tension

напряжение

ignorance n

принимать вызов

to launch a challenge

невежество

to meet a challenge

бросать вызов

to improve standards of living

использовать все усилия

to promote higher standards of living

улучшитьуровень жизни

to use every effort

ообеспечивать более высокий уровень жизни

to reach a target

достичь цели

cautious response

хранилище

storage

осторожная реакция