Список вопросов базы знаний

World Bank

Продовольственная и сельскохозяйственная организация, ФАО

International Atomic Energy Agency, IAEA

Мировой банк

The Food and Agriculture Organization, FAO

Международное агентство по атомной энергии, МАГАТЭ

General Assembly, GA

Организация объединенных наций, ООН

The United Nations (Organization), the UN

Генеральная ассамблея (ООН)

Security Council, SC

Совет безопасности (ООН)

Russian ambassador to the UN

согласно уставу ООН

to adopt (sign) a charter

представитель России в ООН

under the UN Charter

принять устав

UN member-states

Организации Объединенных Наций

UN Charter

Устав ООН

The United Nations (Organization), the UN

государства-участники ООН

binding

связывающий

to commit oneself to do smth

обязательство

commitment

взять на себя обязательства

to solve problems

решать разногласия

to refrain

воздерживаться

to settle disputes

решать проблемы

terms of agreement

срок службы

term of office

на срок 2 года

for a term of two years

условия соглашения

to have the right to sign the contract

иметь право подписать договор

human rights

иметь право

to be entitle

права человека

to veto smth

налагать вето

peace-keeping forces

неотемлемое право

inherent right

миротворческие силы

to exec

выполнять

to administer

миротворцы

peace-keepers

руководить

equality

равенство

sovereign equality

суверенное равенство

executive body

исполнительный орган

peaceful coexistence

мирное сосуществование

non-interference

равенство

equality

невмешательство

It was formed at the initiative

of the countries that had fought Hitler’s Germany.

The United Nations came formally into being

and to “refrain... from the threat or use of force against... any state.”

Under the UN Charter, member-states bound themselves to “settle their international disputes by peaceful means”

on June 26th, 1945, succeeding the League of Nations.

There are still some states that

that embraces the vast majority of the world’s nations.

Although these promises have not always been realized, the organization has created an international forum

are not members, such as Tonga and Monaco.

From an original membership

of 51 in 1945, the total has risen to 209.

The Council has 15 members: 10 of them are elected

by the General Assembly for a term of two years each, and five are permanent members.

The central body of the UN – its parliament – is the General Assembly, based in

New York, but its subsidiary agencies are located throughout the world.

The International Court of Justice, for instance, is in the Hague; the World Health Organization in Geneva; the Food and

Agriculture Organization in Rome; and the International Monetary Fund in Washington.

The General Assembly

is the Security Council, which, in theory, has the authority to impose decisions on member-states.

The most powerful arm of the UN

has the right only to make recommendations to governments

The five are the world’s

leading nuclear powers: Britain, China, France, Russia, and the United States; each has the right to veto any Security Council’s resolution.

It is funded by contributions from member states; the largest single contributor, the United States, has long provided roughly a quarter

the principles of sovereign equality and non-interference in each other’s internal affairs.

It is an important date: the Charter is the foundation of international law, resting on

of the UN’s budget since it is rich enough to do it.

In the long run, however, principles

of sovereign equality and non-interference won the day.

Later that year the UN

of sovereign equality and non-interference won the day.

In the long run, however, principles

the small birds to sing and care not wherefore they sang.”

Churchill immediately supported the idea of big power hegemony, with characteristic cynicism: “the eagle should permit

was founded with 50member states.

to prevent the spread of disease

предотвращать

to prevent

предотвращать войну

to prevent war

предотвращать распостранение болезни

to lose confidence in

уверенность

confidence n

поставить Задание о доверии

to call for a vote of confidence

потерять уверенность

to vote for (against)

голос

one man one vote

голосовать за (против)

vote n

один человек – один голос

destructive a

разрушать

collapse n, v

крах

to destroy

разрушительный

difference(s) n

вызывать различия

To cause differences

различие

To settle differences

разрешать разногласия

advantage n

преимущество

difference of opinion

иметь преимущество

to have advantage over

разногласия во взлядх

to reduce tension

снять напряжение

tension n

напряжение

to increase tension

усилить напряжение

ignorance n

бросать вызов

to launch a challenge

невежество

to meet a challenge

принимать вызов

to promote higher standards of living

улучшитьуровень жизни

to use every effort

ообеспечивать более высокий уровень жизни

to improve standards of living

использовать все усилия

to reach a target

хранилище

storage

достичь цели

cautious response

осторожная реакция