Список вопросов базы знаний

If people open small ___, or work for themselves as plumbers, decorators and so on, they are usually sole proprietors

It can be possible for anyone ___ succeeds in buying 51% of the shares to gain control of a PLC

It is distributed to the shareholders in proportion to the number of . ___they own

It is not important to ___ the accounts and there are no special legal requirements except that the name of the business must be registered if it is different from the owner’s name

It is ___ to start this type of business, but it can be difficult to compete with large firms, and difficult to raise money for expansion

Just like sole proprietors, ___ have unlimited liability and there are no special legal requirements. Professional people such as doctors, accountants and solicitors often form partnerships

Like many private limited companies, plcs have limited liability, must ___ a Memorandum of Association, publish their accounts and are subject to many legal requirements as set out in the Companies Act, 1985

Limited ___ have at least two but usually not more than fifty members who provide the capital which is divided into shares

Most large manufacturing organizations have a functional ___, including (among others) production, finance, marketing, sales, and personnel or staff departments

Often a private limited company ___ a Public limited company, which must put the letters plc after its name

One of the first ___.. to be decided on is the method or “basis” of accounting

Part of the profit ___ is not re-invested in the company is paid out to shareholders as a dividend

People are usually more concerned with the success of their department than that of the company, ___ there are permanent battles between, for example, finance and marketing, or marketing and production, which have incompatible goals

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: The acquisition of shares by the workers poses a problem, especially as they can, if they work for a public company, purchase them through the stock market if they really desire to (become) co-owners

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: The first idea is to offer shares to workers at attractive prices and the second idea to (award) shares as bonus payments

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: The opportunity to share in the profits of their company is (to consider) to courage loyalty and a co-operative attitude in the workers and to provide a positive incentive for greater productivity

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: A lot of market followers (to concentrate) on market segmentation: finding a profitable niche in the market that is not satisfied by other goods or services, and that offers growth potential or gives the company a differential advantage because of its specific competencies

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: After the recession there(to be) many large companies on the US stock market with good earnings but low stock prices

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: And it is also essential that the reports and recommendations made by these joint consultative committees are seen to be (to give) due weight by management

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Buyouts are almost unknown in these two countries, where business (to tend) to concentrate on long-term goals rather than seek instant stock market profits

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Financial theory argues that stock markets are efficient, (to mean) that all relevant information about companies is built into their share prices

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Frequently there is also a market challenger, with the second-largest market share, which (can) attempt to increase its market share by attacking either the leader or some market followers

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: He was later arrested and charged with 98 different felonies, (to include) a lot of insider dealing, and Drexel Burnham Lambert went bankrupt in 1990

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: It is assumed that shares will have voting rights, but some managements may (to view) this with apprehension and in some cases shares issued to employees have no voting rights so that control remains firmly in the hands of the existing shareholders and management

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: In modern business there (to be) a leader that strongly influences other firms in the introduction of new products, price changes, promotions, and so on

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: In most cases the majority of companies in any industry are merely market followers which (to present) no threat to the leader

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: in order to ensure that they are trusted by the workers, which is a major requirement for their success, they should (to be) composed of members from both sides who are knowledgeable and competent, whose integrity is unquestioned and whose judgement is dependable

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: It is a very wide topic sometimes (to see) as separate from personnel management, but nevertheless within the broad compass of the personnel function

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: It is often the first company to (to have) entered the field, or at least the first to have succeeded in it

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: It's true that The first company in a particular market nearly always becomes the market leader, a position it will (to try) to keep by regularly attacking distinct market challengers and followers

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: It's well-known that in the 1960s, a big wave of takeovers in the US (to create) conglomerates – collections of unrelated businesses combined into a single corporate structure

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Japanese managers and financiers, for example, seem to consider companies as places where people work, rather than as assets to be bought and (to sell)

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Lazy companies that fail to do this will be (to take) over by raiders who will use assets more efficiently, cut costs, and increase shareholder value

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Later it (to become, past simple) clear that many of these conglomerates consisted of too many companies and not enough synergy

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Lay-offs in Japan (to be) instead a cause for shame for which managers are expected to apologize

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Legislation was passed, some to (strengthen) and some to mitigate the strength of union power which, while it might be beneficial to workers generally, was seen to be damaging to the economy as a whole

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Logically market followers often concentrate on profitable niche products that (to be) in some way differentiated from the products of larger companies

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Many followers can either concentrate on small market segments or niches, or follow the safer strategy of (to imitate) the leader’s products

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Often there is a definite market leader, with the largest market share, which frequently (to help) other firms to introduce new products

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Once in a while market challengers can either (to attempt) to attack the leader, or to increase their market share by attacking various market followers

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Opposite to a common belief, wholly dominating a market, or (to have) a monopoly, is seldom an advantage: Sometimes competitors expand markets and find new uses and users for products, which enriches everyone in the field, but the market leader more than its competitors

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Perhaps, one indication that the people who warn against takeovers might (to be) right is the existence of leveraged buyouts

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Selling off the assets of poorly (to perform) or under-valued companies proved to be highly lucrative

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Small companies are generally flexible and can quickly respond to market conditions, but their narrow range of customers (to cause) problematic fluctuations in turnover and profit

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Some of the money for LBOs was provided by the American investment bank Drexel Burnham Lambert, where Michael Millken was able to convince investors that the high returns on debt (to issue) by risky enterprises more than compensated for their riskiness, as the rate of default was lower than might be expected

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Some raiders in the 1980s (to discover) that this was quite simply untrue

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Some individual companies (may) have been more efficient if liberated from central management

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Sometimes there is also a market challenger, which wants to replace the leader, and various market followers, which (to seek) out particular niches that do not interest the leader

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Such businesses that are not undervalued (to be) at little risk

Put the verb in brackets in the right form: Takeovers (to use) borrowed money are called ‘leveraged buyouts’ or ‘LBOs’. Leverage means having a large proportion of debt compared to equity capital