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Список вопросов базы знанийАнглийский язык. Бизнес курс (курс 1)Вопрос id:1320079 Chose three possible answers: She left school at 16 to do a secretarial course, but she’s a very … young woman – she impressed me very much ?) clever ?) intelligent ?) intellectual ?) smart Вопрос id:1320080 Chose three possible answers: She speaks fluent French and her German is … good too ?) rather ?) pretty ?) quite ?) cute Вопрос id:1320081 Chose three possible answers: She’d be a real find and you should get in touch with her right … ?) away ?) up ?) here ?) now Вопрос id:1320082 Chose three possible answers: She’d be able to … work in London more or less right away ?) begin ?) start ?) commence ?) quit Вопрос id:1320083 Chose three possible answers: She’s 25, she’s married and has been working for Johnson Brothers, in Marketing since … school ?) graduating from ?) quitting ?) finishing ?) accomplishing Вопрос id:1320084 Chose three possible answers: She’s got an MA and it’s in … languages ?) old ?) strange ?) slavic ?) modern Вопрос id:1320085 Chose three possible answers: She’s … young, he’s only 21 and she’s a graduate of Edinburgh University ?) rather ?) pretty ?) handsome ?) quite Вопрос id:1320086 Chose three possible answers: So, I’ve just finished a very … day interviewing people for you ?) upsetting ?) depressing ?) fruitful ?) frustrating Вопрос id:1320087 Chose three possible answers: So, …of the people I’ve talked to today have been pretty hopeless ?) some ?) most ?) many ?) much Вопрос id:1320088 Chose three possible answers: The address is 214 Gower Road (that’s G-O-W-E-R), Swansea (S-W-A-N-S-E-A), SA2 4PJ. Her … number is 0792 98762 ?) mobile phone ?) phone ?) concentration camp ?) telephone Вопрос id:1320089 Chose three possible answers: The only … I have to tell you about is Miss Emma Harris (that’s E-M-M-A H-A-R-R-I-S) ?) man ?) lady ?) person ?) woman Вопрос id:1320090 Chose three possible answers: We’ve spent this morning interviewing four candidates and the best one is a Mrs. Sylvia Sabbatini (that’s S-Y-L-V-I-A S-A-B-B-A-T-I-N-I) ?) candidates ?) competitors ?) applicants ?) players Вопрос id:1320091 Chose three possible answers: It was taken over and she was made redundant … they decided to close her department ?) since ?) as ?) because ?) so Вопрос id:1320092 Chose three possible answers: She’s worked in marketing for a small light engineering … and she had just become their Export Marketing Manager when the firm was taken over and she was made redundant because they decided to close her department ?) company ?) enterprise ?) office ?) firm Вопрос id:1320093 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | To slow its labour turnover, Marriott had to get a simple message accepted throughout its operating divisions: loyal, well motivated employees make customers happy and that, in turn, creates | more than half; for full time sales assistants, it declined by about a third | Labour turnover declined by | thousands of people in low-paid, dead-end jobs, are discovering that high labour turnover rates resulting from the indiscriminate hiring of “cheap” workers can be extremely costly | Hotel, shop and restaurant chains, which employ | fatter profits and happier shareholders | In one year, it had | to hire no fewer than 27,000 workers to fill 8,800 hourly-paid job slots |
Вопрос id:1320094 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | Labour turnover declined by | to “make me feel like I make a difference” | Marriott Corporation, a hotels and restaurants group, has also | to hire no fewer than 27,000 workers to fill 8,800 hourly-paid job slots | In one year, it had | more than half; for full time sales assistants, it declined by about a third | Employees replied they wanted better training, better communications with their supervisors and, above all, wanted their bosses | decided to spend more money on retaining employees in the hope of spending less on finding and training new ones |
Вопрос id:1320095 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | Employees replied they wanted better training, better communications with their supervisors and, above all, wanted their bosses | thousands of people in low-paid, dead-end jobs, are discovering that high labour turnover rates resulting from the indiscriminate hiring of “cheap” workers can be extremely costly | Hotel, shop and restaurant chains, which employ | to hire no fewer than 27,000 workers to fill 8,800 hourly-paid job slots | Cole National, a Cleveland-based firm which owns Child World, Things Remembered and other speciality shops, declared a “war for people” in an effort | to “make me feel like I make a difference” | In one year, it had | to recruit and keep better staff |
Вопрос id:1320096 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | Hotel, shop and restaurant chains, which employ | thousands of people in low-paid, dead-end jobs, are discovering that high labour turnover rates resulting from the indiscriminate hiring of “cheap” workers can be extremely costly | Cole National, a Cleveland-based firm which owns Child World, Things Remembered and other speciality shops, declared a “war for people” in an effort | to recruit and keep better staff | Employees replied they wanted better training, better communications with their supervisors and, above all, wanted their bosses | to “make me feel like I make a difference” |
Вопрос id:1320097 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | To slow its labour turnover, Marriott had to get a simple message accepted throughout its operating divisions: loyal, well motivated employees make customers happy and that, in turn, creates | thousands of people in low-paid, dead-end jobs, are discovering that high labour turnover rates resulting from the indiscriminate hiring of “cheap” workers can be extremely costly | In one year, it had | to hire no fewer than 27,000 workers to fill 8,800 hourly-paid job slots | Cole National, a Cleveland-based firm which owns Child World, Things Remembered and other speciality shops, declared a “war for people” in an effort | to recruit and keep better staff | Hotel, shop and restaurant chains, which employ | fatter profits and happier shareholders |
Вопрос id:1320098 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | To slow its labour turnover, Marriott had to get a simple message accepted throughout its operating divisions: loyal, well motivated employees make customers happy and that, in turn, creates | thousands of people in low-paid, dead-end jobs, are discovering that high labour turnover rates resulting from the indiscriminate hiring of “cheap” workers can be extremely costly | Hotel, shop and restaurant chains, which employ | in its employee-attitude surveys that only about 20% of its workers at Roy Rogers restaurants and about 30% of its workers at Marriott hotels regarded pay as their primary reason for working there | Such people form a surprisingly small, though apparently disruptive, part of the service-industry workforce. Marriott found | to recruit and keep better staff | Cole National, a Cleveland-based firm which owns Child World, Things Remembered and other speciality shops, declared a “war for people” in an effort | fatter profits and happier shareholders |
Вопрос id:1320099 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | Improved training of middle | better communications | To slow its labour turnover, Marriott had to get a simple message accepted throughout its operating divisions: loyal, well motivated employees make customers happy and that, in turn, creates | fatter profits and happier shareholders | Many middle managers in service industries are more comfortable coping with demands for more money than with demands for increased recognition and | to recruit and keep better staff | Cole National, a Cleveland-based firm which owns Child World, Things Remembered and other speciality shops, declared a “war for people” in an effort | managers helped. So did a change in bonus arrangements |
Вопрос id:1320100 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | They will have to change their ways. Surveys say that when | better communications | At the same time, Marriott became more fussy about the people it recruited. It screened out job applicants motivated mainly by money: applicants which the company | 13,000 employees in retail shops across America were asked to list in order the 18 reasons for working where they did, they ranked “good pay” third. In first place was “appreciation of work done”, with “respect for me as a person” second | Many middle managers in service industries are more comfortable coping with demands for more money than with demands for increased recognition and | to recruit and keep better staff | Cole National, a Cleveland-based firm which owns Child World, Things Remembered and other speciality shops, declared a “war for people” in an effort | pejoratively described as “pay first people” |
Вопрос id:1320101 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | Such people form a surprisingly small, though apparently disruptive, part of the service-industry workforce. Marriott found | sectors of commerce, industry and the civil service pick out their most promising younger managers as ‘high-flyers’ | Cole National, a Cleveland-based firm which owns Child World, Things Remembered and other speciality shops, declared a “war for people” in an effort | pejoratively described as “pay first people” | At the same time, Marriott became more fussy about the people it recruited. It screened out job applicants motivated mainly by money: applicants which the company | in its employee-attitude surveys that only about 20% of its workers at Roy Rogers restaurants and about 30% of its workers at Marriott hotels regarded pay as their primary reason for working there | The first high-flyer schemes were introduced in the 1960s and now many | to recruit and keep better staff |
Вопрос id:1320102 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | You find schemes of this kind mostly in large companies or groups of companies, where the fairly rigid career structure can only be broken by by-passing | to recruit and keep better staff | The first high-flyer schemes were introduced in the 1960s and now many | the normal steps in the promotion ladder | Many middle managers in service industries are more comfortable coping with demands for more money than with demands for increased recognition and | sectors of commerce, industry and the civil service pick out their most promising younger managers as ‘high-flyers’ | Cole National, a Cleveland-based firm which owns Child World, Things Remembered and other speciality shops, declared a “war for people” in an effort | better communications |
Вопрос id:1320103 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | It can take a company many years to develop | better communications | Cole National, a Cleveland-based firm which owns Child World, Things Remembered and other speciality shops, declared a “war for people” in an effort | to recruit and keep better staff | Many middle managers in service industries are more comfortable coping with demands for more money than with demands for increased recognition and | 13,000 employees in retail shops across America were asked to list in order the 18 reasons for working where they did, they ranked “good pay” third. In first place was “appreciation of work done”, with “respect for me as a person” second | They will have to change their ways. Surveys say that when | a top-level manager, if he or she joins them straight from university. Such people must obtain wide experience in different parts of the company and this can take up to 20 years |
Вопрос id:1320104 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | The first high-flyer schemes were introduced in the 1960s and now many | to recruit and keep better staff | It can take a company many years to develop | a top-level manager, if he or she joins them straight from university. Such people must obtain wide experience in different parts of the company and this can take up to 20 years | Cole National, a Cleveland-based firm which owns Child World, Things Remembered and other speciality shops, declared a “war for people” in an effort | works for the company in different capacities, and is identified as a highflyer, can expect to reach top management at around the age of 40 | This means that someone who joins the firm from university | sectors of commerce, industry and the civil service pick out their most promising younger managers as ‘high-flyers’ |
Вопрос id:1320105 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | You find schemes of this kind mostly in large companies or groups of companies, where the fairly rigid career structure can only be broken by by-passing | the normal steps in the promotion ladder | This means that someone who joins the firm from university | works for the company in different capacities, and is identified as a highflyer, can expect to reach top management at around the age of 40 | It can take a company many years to develop | a top-level manager, if he or she joins them straight from university. Such people must obtain wide experience in different parts of the company and this can take up to 20 years |
Вопрос id:1320106 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | They don’t join the scheme until they are in their late 20s, by | the normal steps in the promotion ladder | It can take a company many years to develop | which time they will have established themselves in their special field, they will have built up their professional reputation and they will have a record of high performance | You find schemes of this kind mostly in large companies or groups of companies, where the fairly rigid career structure can only be broken by by-passing | a top-level manager, if he or she joins them straight from university. Such people must obtain wide experience in different parts of the company and this can take up to 20 years |
Вопрос id:1320107 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | While they’re on the scheme (and this lasts 5 to 10 years) their progress is supervised by a committee | the normal steps in the promotion ladder | You find schemes of this kind mostly in large companies or groups of companies, where the fairly rigid career structure can only be broken by by-passing | of 15 senior managers | It can take a company many years to develop | a top-level manager, if he or she joins them straight from university. Such people must obtain wide experience in different parts of the company and this can take up to 20 years | This means that someone who joins the firm from university | works for the company in different capacities, and is identified as a highflyer, can expect to reach top management at around the age of 40 |
Вопрос id:1320108 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | One of the main purposes of the scheme is to provide them with experience | of 15 senior managers | You find schemes of this kind mostly in large companies or groups of companies, where the fairly rigid career structure can only be broken by by-passing | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | outside their own field – in finance, working in an overseas division, or experience in information technology | While they’re on the scheme (and this lasts 5 to 10 years) their progress is supervised by a committee | the normal steps in the promotion ladder |
Вопрос id:1320109 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | But high-flyer schemes have their | drawbacks, according to Heather Stewart, a management consultant | They don’t join the scheme until they are in their late 20s, by | which time they will have established themselves in their special field, they will have built up their professional reputation and they will have a record of high performance | You find schemes of this kind mostly in large companies or groups of companies, where the fairly rigid career structure can only be broken by by-passing | the normal steps in the promotion ladder | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group |
Вопрос id:1320110 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | While they’re on the scheme (and this lasts 5 to 10 years) their progress is supervised by a committee | may not be able to meet the challenges | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | One weakness is that you may be creating a management team who think and act in the same ways. That means, if your business changes, they | of 15 senior managers | They don’t join the scheme until they are in their late 20s, by | which time they will have established themselves in their special field, they will have built up their professional reputation and they will have a record of high performance |
Вопрос id:1320111 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | outside their own field – in finance, working in an overseas division, or experience in information technology | One weakness is that you may be creating a management team who think and act in the same ways. That means, if your business changes, they | may not be able to meet the challenges | One of the main purposes of the scheme is to provide them with experience | may be cutting itself off from a pool of talent which their competitors can draw on | As outsiders tend to be excluded as senior recruits, the company | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group |
Вопрос id:1320112 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | One of the main purposes of the scheme is to provide them with experience | as experience and in-depth knowledge may be undervalued | Another problem is that late-starters are also excluded – not everyone is at their peak in their 20s and such qualities | outside their own field – in finance, working in an overseas division, or experience in information technology | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | But high-flyer schemes have their | drawbacks, according to Heather Stewart, a management consultant |
Вопрос id:1320113 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | One weakness is that you may be creating a management team who think and act in the same ways. That means, if your business changes, they | as experience and in-depth knowledge may be undervalued | Another problem is that late-starters are also excluded – not everyone is at their peak in their 20s and such qualities | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | Another weakness is that women are often excluded from high-flyer schemes, since schemes identify high-flyers at the very time when women are most likely to have children: they | may not be able to meet the challenges | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | are forced to choose between career and family |
Вопрос id:1320114 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | companies, where high-flyer schemes seem to be particularly controversial and divisive | Another problem is that late-starters are also excluded – not everyone is at their peak in their 20s and such qualities | ... “various experiments” | There have been | as experience and in-depth knowledge may be undervalued | This is particularly noticeable in medium-sized | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group |
Вопрос id:1320115 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | Worst of all though is the resentment that | high-flyers create among other managers who aren’t chosen to be highflyers | I’m contemplating applying for my fifty-first job. It’s been a long time since I wasted stamp money this way. In fact, when I reached the fiftieth without success I | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | decided to abandon job-hunting and got out my pen to scratch a living instead | This is particularly noticeable in medium-sized | companies, where high-flyer schemes seem to be particularly controversial and divisive |
Вопрос id:1320116 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | Worst of all though is the resentment that | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | high-flyers create among other managers who aren’t chosen to be highflyers | Developing a sort of elite, a chosen few, within an organization is quite simply bad for company morale – it makes everyone else feel they are being undervalued and takes away their enthusiasm and | dedication – and clearly this is counter-productive |
Вопрос id:1320117 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | Worst of all though is the resentment that | high-flyers create among other managers who aren’t chosen to be highflyers | The good news is the pay, the bad news is that damning little phrase “according to age and experience” | to age and experience” | But there’s another wildly exciting job in the paper today, “salary Ј12,500–16,250 according | which means I won’t get the job |
Вопрос id:1320118 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | I’m contemplating applying for my fifty-first job. It’s been a long time since I wasted stamp money this way. In fact, when I reached the fiftieth without success I | decided to abandon job-hunting and got out my pen to scratch a living instead | But there’s another wildly exciting job in the paper today, “salary Ј12,500–16,250 according | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | to age and experience” |
Вопрос id:1320119 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | It’s not that I have more age than | experience – I’ve led an incident-packed existence. Unfortunately it’s not all related to a single-strand career structure | But there’s another wildly exciting job in the paper today, “salary Ј12,500–16,250 according | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | to age and experience” | Journalist, temp, company director, wife and mother, market researcher, and now, at thirty-something, I’m trying to use my Cambridge | degree in criminology |
Вопрос id:1320120 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | The good news is the pay, the bad news is that damning little phrase “according to age and experience” | experience – I’ve led an incident-packed existence. Unfortunately it’s not all related to a single-strand career structure | It’s not that I have more age than | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | which means I won’t get the job |
Вопрос id:1320121 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | It’s not that I have more age than | it seems from where I’m standing. Even the BBC is a culprit | I’m a victim of the sliding pay-scale. Employers | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | can obtain a fresh 22-year-old graduate to train a lot cheaper than me. Yet I’m the ideal employee: stable, good-humoured, child-bearing behind me, looking for 25-plus years of steady pensionable employment | Ageism is everywhere. It’s much more prevalent than sexism in the job market, or that’s how | experience – I’ve led an incident-packed existence. Unfortunately it’s not all related to a single-strand career structure |
Вопрос id:1320122 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | I’m a victim of the sliding pay-scale. Employers | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | can obtain a fresh 22-year-old graduate to train a lot cheaper than me. Yet I’m the ideal employee: stable, good-humoured, child-bearing behind me, looking for 25-plus years of steady pensionable employment | Journalist, temp, company director, wife and mother, market researcher, and now, at thirty-something, I’m trying to use my Cambridge | degree in criminology |
Вопрос id:1320123 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | BP is one of the largest multinational companies in the world. It employs 130,000 people. It has 260 managers involved in its own ‘individual development programme’ who | can obtain a fresh 22-year-old graduate to train a lot cheaper than me. Yet I’m the ideal employee: stable, good-humoured, child-bearing behind me, looking for 25-plus years of steady pensionable employment | I’m a victim of the sliding pay-scale. Employers | will compete for 180 senior positions in the group | Ageism is everywhere. It’s much more prevalent than sexism in the job market, or that’s how | it seems from where I’m standing. Even the BBC is a culprit |
Вопрос id:1320124 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | Ageism is everywhere. It’s much more prevalent than sexism in the job market, or that’s how | it seems from where I’m standing. Even the BBC is a culprit | The public and private sectors are obsessed with attracting young high-flyers. Yet there are many | can obtain a fresh 22-year-old graduate to train a lot cheaper than me. Yet I’m the ideal employee: stable, good-humoured, child-bearing behind me, looking for 25-plus years of steady pensionable employment | I’m a victim of the sliding pay-scale. Employers | professions that would benefit from the maturity and stability the older entrant can bring. This is recognized by the Probation Service, for example, who welcome experienced adults looking for a second career |
Вопрос id:1320125 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | Ageism is everywhere. It’s much more prevalent than sexism in the job market, or that’s how | it seems from where I’m standing. Even the BBC is a culprit | I’m a victim of the sliding pay-scale. Employers | and promotion, irrespective of sex, marital status, creed, colour, race or ethnic origin, and the BBC is committed to the development and promotion of such equality of opportunity | Their appointments brochure says: “The BBC’s personnel policies are based on equal opportunities for all ... This applies to ... opportunity for training | can obtain a fresh 22-year-old graduate to train a lot cheaper than me. Yet I’m the ideal employee: stable, good-humoured, child-bearing behind me, looking for 25-plus years of steady pensionable employment |
Вопрос id:1320126 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | The armed services and police, perhaps, could think about strenuous aptitude and fitness tests rather than imposing | sexism, racism, and handicappism because even the oppressed seem to accept the discrimination | I’m a victim of the sliding pay-scale. Employers | disappearing, of their incomes falling, of their homes being repossessed or being impossible to sell, of their families breaking up, of their networks of friendships disintegrating, have not been higher since the war | Ageism is lagging behind | a blanket upper limit on entrants which is arbitrarily and variously fixed between 28 and 33. The administrative grade of the Civil Service assumes the rot sets in at 32. | The British are increasingly at risk. The chances of their jobs | can obtain a fresh 22-year-old graduate to train a lot cheaper than me. Yet I’m the ideal employee: stable, good-humoured, child-bearing behind me, looking for 25-plus years of steady pensionable employment |
Вопрос id:1320127 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | Ageism is lagging behind | sexism, racism, and handicappism because even the oppressed seem to accept the discrimination | The public and private sectors are obsessed with attracting young high-flyers. Yet there are many | professions that would benefit from the maturity and stability the older entrant can bring. This is recognized by the Probation Service, for example, who welcome experienced adults looking for a second career | I’m a victim of the sliding pay-scale. Employers | can obtain a fresh 22-year-old graduate to train a lot cheaper than me. Yet I’m the ideal employee: stable, good-humoured, child-bearing behind me, looking for 25-plus years of steady pensionable employment |
Вопрос id:1320128 Correspond the left and right parts Левая часть | Правая часть | The armed services and police, perhaps, could think about strenuous aptitude and fitness tests rather than imposing | the rise of new forms of casualized, temporary and contract forms of employment, even those on average incomes and above can become victims of pressures beyond their control | On top of the long-standing concerns about the growing gap between rich and poor, there is an increasing awareness of a new range of risks that are bringing fresh | a blanket upper limit on entrants which is arbitrarily and variously fixed between 28 and 33. The administrative grade of the Civil Service assumes the rot sets in at 32. | Unemployment and low pay are no longer the sole measures of inequality and lack of social well-being; with | patterns of social distress and exclusion |
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