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Англ.яз. Теоретическая грамматика (курс 1)

Вопрос id:868190
Определите коммуникативный тип предложения Do what you want and be damned to it! That’s what I say.
?) побудительно-повествовательное
?) побудительное
?) повествовательное
?) повествовательно-побудительное
Вопрос id:868191
Определите коммуникативный тип предложения Then be remembered his purpose and his lips set back in a grim line.
?) повествовательно-побудительное
?) побудительно вопросительное
?) повествовательно-вопросительное
?) повествовательное
Вопрос id:868192
Определите коммуникативный тип предложения Why not go and lay the Bogy once and for all?
?) вопросительно-побудительное
?) вопросительно-повествовательное
?) побудительно-вопросительное
?) вопросительное
Вопрос id:868193
Определяющим фактором разделения предложений по уровню сложности является
?) количество знаменательных членов
?) количество предикативных центров
?) валентность глагола-сказуемого
?) эксплицитная выраженность главных членов предложения.
Вопрос id:868194
По категориальной семантике подлежащего предложения делятся на
?) личные и безличные
?) анимальные и инанимальные
?) субъектные и объектные
?) глагольные и именные
Вопрос id:868195
Подлежащее определяет сказуемое в том смысле, что
?) служит предметным определителем сказуемого
?) выражает процессное ядро события предикации
?) служит определителем адресованности предложения.
?) выражает лицо предикации
Вопрос id:868196
Предельная элементарная единица текста второго порядка, служащая переходным звеном между предложением и текстом называется
?) диктемой
?) лексемой
?) семемой
?) пропоземой
Вопрос id:868197
Предельной единицей текста, “минимальным речевым произведением” является
?) синтагма
?) слово
?) предложение
?) сверхфразовое единство
Вопрос id:868198
Предикативная нагрузка предложения определяется
?) возможностью двойного выражения одного и того же синтаксико-категориального предикативного признака
?) суммой положительных значений выраженных в предложении синтаксико-категориальных предикативных признаков
?) числом соответствующих предложений - репрезентатов с однозначной предикативной нагрузкой
?) возможностью включения предложения в наибольшее число синтаксических парадигм
Вопрос id:868199
Предложение
?) входит в язык всей своей лексической конкретностью
?) строится независимо от формальных правил сочетания лексем
?) изначально существует в языке
?) создается в речи
Вопрос id:868200
Предложение как единица языка выполняет две существенные знаковые функции
?) предметно-оценочную и номинативную
?) номинативную и предикативную
?) назывную и номинативную.
?) предикативную и модальную
Вопрос id:868201
Предложение представляет собой
?) абстрактную модель минимального речевого акта
?) расширенную номинативную единицу
?) минимальную единицу сообщения, обладающую собственной синтаксической и семантической структурой и интонационным оформлением
?) формальное соположение лексем
Вопрос id:868202
Предложение, в отличие от слова, является
?) номинативной единицей
?) единицей морфологического уровня языка
?) строго полупредикативной единицей
?) коммуникативно-предикативной единицей
Вопрос id:868203
При преобразовании предложения в именное словосочетание полного номинативного типа, предложение
?) сохраняет важность как коммуниктивная единица языка.
?) становится единицей морфологического уровня языка
?) становится односоставным
?) номинализируется, теряя процессно-предикативный характер
Вопрос id:868204
Рема побудительного предложения
?) программирует действия адресата
?) выражает информацию заявления о некотором факте
?) выражает информацию непосредственного сообщения
?) выражает запрос информации
Вопрос id:868205
Система конструкционных функций предложения связана с
?) классификацией пропозитивной семантики
?) усложнением пропозитивной номинации
?) актуальным членением предложения
?) отражением разных отнесений пропозитивной номинации к действительности
Вопрос id:868206
Сложное предложение определяется как
?) монопредикативное предложение с комплексами вторичной предикации
?) монопредикативное предложение
?) полипредикативное предложение с раздельным выражением предикативных линий
?) полипредикативное со слитным выражением предикативных линий
Вопрос id:868207
Состав информационного ядра сообщения называется
?) ремой
?) кумулемой
?) семой
?) темой
Вопрос id:868208
Центром предикации в предложении глагольного строя является
?) сочетание глагола-связки с именным предикативом.
?) имплицитно выраженный вспомогательный глагол.
?) одна из неличных форм глагола
?) глагол в личной форме
Вопрос id:868209

Define what syntactic role the underlined word plays in the sentence:

Where does the knowledge of how to divide up the world into parts come from? And what sort of reasons are there to favor one proposed category system over another? For there certainly are an abundance of them.

?) object
?) predicate
?) attribute
?) subject
Вопрос id:868210
Continue the sentence: A completely intuitive or a completely
?) commonsense philosophy is saying just that, that we are completely correct.
?) that in some way consciousness and the mind must reduce to or be explainable in terms of the physical; in other words, that materialism is essentially correct and dualism essentially mistaken.
?) ownership could be a matter of convention, such that to own something is to have ownership of it according to some rules (the conventions), which lay out in more detail what conditions, physical or otherwise, grant and transfer ownership.
?) if the law changes so does who owns what. Secondly, ownership could be defined in terms of the popular or prevailing attitude, such that you would only own something if it was the consensus that you owned it.
Вопрос id:868211
Continue the sentence: A philosophy that tells us that we are completely
?) gives many forms of dualism their anti-scientific flavor; from the fact that science hasn’t yet explained that mind and the mind body connection it is concluded that science can’t explain the mind and the mind-body connection.
?) correct as we are is useless to us.
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
?) does not come to the table with a fully developed and well supported theory of the mind and the mind-body connection which precludes a scientific theory.
Вопрос id:868212
Continue the sentence: Although if that were the case it would take only two contradictory authors to keep us busy, since after reading the first
?) are so many conventions, both existing and possible, that for any object we could find some convention under which I own it and another under which I don’t.
?) gives many forms of dualism their anti-scientific flavor; from the fact that science hasn’t yet explained that mind and the mind body connection it is concluded that science can’t explain the mind and the mind-body connection.
?) that in some way consciousness and the mind must reduce to or be explainable in terms of the physical; in other words, that materialism is essentially correct and dualism essentially mistaken.
?) the second would be a challenging new viewpoint to adopt, and then the first would be again, and so on.
Вопрос id:868213
Continue the sentence: And it is through such options that our philosophy improves. Now this is certainly not to say that, every time we find something that challenges
?) ownership could be a matter of convention, such that to own something is to have ownership of it according to some rules (the conventions), which lay out in more detail what conditions, physical or otherwise, grant and transfer ownership.
?) to possess something that you do not own, and to lack possession over something that you do own; if it were impossible there would be no such thing as theft.
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
?) what we currently think, we should change our minds.
Вопрос id:868214
Continue the sentence: At best such a philosophy is useless, and harmful if we take it seriously,
?) gives many forms of dualism their anti-scientific flavor; from the fact that science hasn’t yet explained that mind and the mind body connection it is concluded that science can’t explain the mind and the mind-body connection.
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
?) since it erects barriers to revising our mistaken beliefs.
?) to possess something that you do not own, and to lack possession over something that you do own; if it were impossible there would be no such thing as theft.
Вопрос id:868215
Continue the sentence: But every time we are faced with a challenge that we take seriously it gives us something to think about, and if we are wise
?) enough then we will change our views in response to these challenges exactly when doing so would better our philosophy.
?) are so many conventions, both existing and possible, that for any object we could find some convention under which I own it and another under which I don’t.
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
?) to possess something that you do not own, and to lack possession over something that you do own; if it were impossible there would be no such thing as theft.
Вопрос id:868216
Continue the sentence: But the opposite is really the case. Philosophy that is intuitive is rarely worth reading; we are only bettered by philosophy that
?) arguments for dualism are, at their core, arguments from ignorance.
?) ignorance is one that proceeds from the fact that we don’t know how to do or explain something to the conclusion that it can’t be done or can’t be explained.
?) gives many forms of dualism their anti-scientific flavor; from the fact that science hasn’t yet explained that mind and the mind body connection it is concluded that science can’t explain the mind and the mind-body connection.
?) strikes us initially as unintuitive.
Вопрос id:868217
Continue the sentence: But what does it mean to say that something is meaningless? To call something meaningless is not to leave it exactly as
?) ownership could be a matter of convention, such that to own something is to have ownership of it according to some rules (the conventions), which lay out in more detail what conditions, physical or otherwise, grant and transfer ownership.
?) if the law changes so does who owns what. Secondly, ownership could be defined in terms of the popular or prevailing attitude, such that you would only own something if it was the consensus that you owned it.
?) it was, it is to look at it in a certain way.
?) that in some way consciousness and the mind must reduce to or be explainable in terms of the physical; in other words, that materialism is essentially correct and dualism essentially mistaken.
Вопрос id:868218
Continue the sentence: Everyone has places where their views need refinement or revision. It is because of this that we read,
?) not how dualism is argued for.
?) have no merit; our ignorance reveals nothing about the world, only our lack of knowledge about it.
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
?) and sometimes write, philosophy.
Вопрос id:868219
Continue the sentence: I said that the universe is meaningless –
?) the events in it are without significance – without us.
?) gives many forms of dualism their anti-scientific flavor; from the fact that science hasn’t yet explained that mind and the mind body connection it is concluded that science can’t explain the mind and the mind-body connection.
?) to possess something that you do not own, and to lack possession over something that you do own; if it were impossible there would be no such thing as theft.
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
Вопрос id:868220
Continue the sentence: In other words, “meaningless” is itself a
?) to possess something that you do not own, and to lack possession over something that you do own; if it were impossible there would be no such thing as theft.
?) meaning that can be given to things.
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
?) that in some way consciousness and the mind must reduce to or be explainable in terms of the physical; in other words, that materialism is essentially correct and dualism essentially mistaken.
Вопрос id:868221
Continue the sentence: It is in the places where it challenges us that
?) are so many conventions, both existing and possible, that for any object we could find some convention under which I own it and another under which I don’t.
?) ownership could be a matter of convention, such that to own something is to have ownership of it according to some rules (the conventions), which lay out in more detail what conditions, physical or otherwise, grant and transfer ownership.
?) gives many forms of dualism their anti-scientific flavor; from the fact that science hasn’t yet explained that mind and the mind body connection it is concluded that science can’t explain the mind and the mind-body connection.
?) we have a chance to grow.
Вопрос id:868222
Continue the sentence: It is to deny the existence of meaningful
?) relationships between it and other things.
?) gives many forms of dualism their anti-scientific flavor; from the fact that science hasn’t yet explained that mind and the mind body connection it is concluded that science can’t explain the mind and the mind-body connection.
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
?) if the law changes so does who owns what. Secondly, ownership could be defined in terms of the popular or prevailing attitude, such that you would only own something if it was the consensus that you owned it.
Вопрос id:868223
Continue the sentence: It should challenge what
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
?) we think to some extent.
?) to possess something that you do not own, and to lack possession over something that you do own; if it were impossible there would be no such thing as theft.
?) that in some way consciousness and the mind must reduce to or be explainable in terms of the physical; in other words, that materialism is essentially correct and dualism essentially mistaken.
Вопрос id:868224
Continue the sentence: My point is that to be worth reading a piece of
?) gives many forms of dualism their anti-scientific flavor; from the fact that science hasn’t yet explained that mind and the mind body connection it is concluded that science can’t explain the mind and the mind-body connection.
?) if the law changes so does who owns what. Secondly, ownership could be defined in terms of the popular or prevailing attitude, such that you would only own something if it was the consensus that you owned it.
?) philosophy should be at least a little unintuitive.
?) that in some way consciousness and the mind must reduce to or be explainable in terms of the physical; in other words, that materialism is essentially correct and dualism essentially mistaken.
Вопрос id:868225
Continue the sentence: Now certainly it is possible to improve without these external challenges, but in their absence I think it would be easy to rest content
?) ownership could be a matter of convention, such that to own something is to have ownership of it according to some rules (the conventions), which lay out in more detail what conditions, physical or otherwise, grant and transfer ownership.
?) if the law changes so does who owns what. Secondly, ownership could be defined in terms of the popular or prevailing attitude, such that you would only own something if it was the consensus that you owned it.
?) with a defective philosophy, or simply to be blind to significant alternatives.
?) gives many forms of dualism their anti-scientific flavor; from the fact that science hasn’t yet explained that mind and the mind body connection it is concluded that science can’t explain the mind and the mind-body connection.
Вопрос id:868226
Continue the sentence: Personally I am an advocate of the idea that the universe is essentially a meaningless place, onto
?) which we impose meaning.
?) to possess something that you do not own, and to lack possession over something that you do own; if it were impossible there would be no such thing as theft.
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
?) are so many conventions, both existing and possible, that for any object we could find some convention under which I own it and another under which I don’t.
Вопрос id:868227
Continue the sentence: This looks very much like giving meaning to it,
?) like taking up an attitude towards it, like interpreting it.
?) to possess something that you do not own, and to lack possession over something that you do own; if it were impossible there would be no such thing as theft.
?) ownership could be a matter of convention, such that to own something is to have ownership of it according to some rules (the conventions), which lay out in more detail what conditions, physical or otherwise, grant and transfer ownership.
?) if the law changes so does who owns what. Secondly, ownership could be defined in terms of the popular or prevailing attitude, such that you would only own something if it was the consensus that you owned it.
Вопрос id:868228
Continue the sentence: We create significance,
?) that in some way consciousness and the mind must reduce to or be explainable in terms of the physical; in other words, that materialism is essentially correct and dualism essentially mistaken.
?) we constitute it – we don’t find it. However, there is a dangerous ambiguity lurking in this brief description.
?) are so many conventions, both existing and possible, that for any object we could find some convention under which I own it and another under which I don’t.
?) gives many forms of dualism their anti-scientific flavor; from the fact that science hasn’t yet explained that mind and the mind body connection it is concluded that science can’t explain the mind and the mind-body connection.
Вопрос id:868229
Continue the sentence: We know that we are far from perfect, and we seek
?) to possess something that you do not own, and to lack possession over something that you do own; if it were impossible there would be no such thing as theft.
?) argue that something can’t be done or can’t be explained by science requires some understanding of the things involved, and to show that this understanding rules out the proposal.
?) to find out how we are defective.
?) ownership could be a matter of convention, such that to own something is to have ownership of it according to some rules (the conventions), which lay out in more detail what conditions, physical or otherwise, grant and transfer ownership.
Вопрос id:868230
Continue the sentence: Where it tells us that we are wrong is
?) where we are presented with a new way of looking at things.
?) if the law changes so does who owns what. Secondly, ownership could be defined in terms of the popular or prevailing attitude, such that you would only own something if it was the consensus that you owned it.
?) that in some way consciousness and the mind must reduce to or be explainable in terms of the physical; in other words, that materialism is essentially correct and dualism essentially mistaken.
?) are so many conventions, both existing and possible, that for any object we could find some convention under which I own it and another under which I don’t.
Вопрос id:868231
Continue the sentence: It is commonly thought that being intuitive,
?) or agreeing with common sense, is a virtue in a philosophical theory.
?) dualism seems unscientific or anti-scientific; it takes one of the phenomena we find in the world and says that it is off limits to science, that science will never be able to explain it.
?) that in some way consciousness and the mind must reduce to or be explainable in terms of the physical; in other words, that materialism is essentially correct and dualism essentially mistaken.
?) in this paper are twofold: first to illustrate how I see the common arguments for dualism, and thus the common forms of dualism, as lacking; and secondly to describe a form of dualism that manages to avoid those problems.
Вопрос id:868232
Define what syntactic role the underlined word plays in the sentence: Although some sculptors speak figuratively of their work already being present in the raw stone we know that this is not literally true. What art is adding is not something physical; science produces something new in this sense as well: new printed pages full of figures and theorems.
?) attribute
?) object
?) predicate
?) subject
Вопрос id:868233
Define what syntactic role the underlined word plays in the sentence: An advocate of determinism can be supporting to one of two things. The first is a specific kind of physical laws, where each initial state has only a single possible successor state at any given future time.
?) attribute
?) object
?) predicate
?) subject
Вопрос id:868234
Define what syntactic role the underlined word plays in the sentence: But before I can discuss that matter it is first necessary to talk a bit about what free will is. There are many definitions of free will. Some, including myself, take free will to be essentially the power of self-determination or self-causation.
?) predicate
?) attribute
?) subject
?) object
Вопрос id:868235
Define what syntactic role the underlined word plays in the sentence: But neither can we assert that they lack such relationships, because that is a significant fact on its own, which is also to say that they have meaning intrinsically (the meaning of being “meaningless”).
?) attribute
?) predicate
?) object
?) subject
Вопрос id:868236
Define what syntactic role the underlined word plays in the sentence: Class dismissed! But the problem isn’t so easily solved. The obvious answer simply raises more questions. Why do we want the things that we do? Should we desire them?
?) subject
?) attribute
?) object
?) predicate
Вопрос id:868237
Define what syntactic role the underlined word plays in the sentence: Compatibilism in many ways is the antithesis of the determinism-indeterminism debate because it denies any significance to it.
?) subject
?) predicate
?) object
?) attribute
Вопрос id:868238
Define what syntactic role the underlined word plays in the sentence: Despite my inclinations that is not the definition of free will that I will be using here.
?) predicate
?) object
?) attribute
?) subject
Вопрос id:868239
Define what syntactic role the underlined word plays in the sentence: I have never been fond of dualism. I have confidence in the ability of science to explain the world, and so when I was first exposed to the mind-body problem it seemed plausible to me that science could explain consciousness.
?) attribute
?) subject
?) predicate
?) object
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