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It led to a number of different and sometimes conflicting methods, ___ trying to be a major improvement over the previous or contemporary methods

Language proficiency and teacher certification vary according to program ___ and state certification requirements

Linguistic structures do not represent the central focus but rather aspects of language ___ enable the learner to accomplish those purposes

Most books on language teaching list the various methods that have been used in the past, often ___ with the author's new method

Newer methods and approaches ___ invented and promoted

Older methods and approaches such as the grammar translation method or the direct method are dismissed and ___ ridiculed

One reason for this situation is that proponents of new methods ___ so sure that their ideas are so new and so correct that they could not conceive that the older ones have enough validity to cause controversy

Only very few researchers who are native English speakers can read and assess information ___ in languages other than English

Programs are usually not part of an articulated sequence, although they may be ___ in preparation for sequential courses

Secondly, we also believe that the earlier a child is exposed to a foreign language, ___ faster the language in question is acquired

Since the birth of CLT, errors ___ been regarded as natural phenomena in the process of learning English

Some programs introduce basic phrases in a ___ of languages in order to sharpen listening skills and familiarize students with the notion that thoughts can be expressed in another language

Students have the opportunity to develop fluency ___ any pressure coming from their teacher

Students' sociolinguistic competence is also improved as these activities enable learners to negotiate meaning and to ___ problems in various socially demanding situations

Students’ motivational level is likely ___ increase

Thus ___ mother tongue is not necessary to learn a foreign language

The aims and objectives of learning a modern foreign language in primary school is to foster an interest in learning ___ languages

The aims and objectives of learning a modern foreign language in primary school is to introduce young children to another language in a way that ___ enjoyable and fun

The class teacher teaches ___ language and has access to interactive resources if necessary

The course helps students understand how languages are related, with special focus ___ Latin and the Romance languages

The curriculum that we follow is based on the guidance given in the revised ___ Curriculum

The oral approach ___ developed from the 1930s to the 1960s by British applied linguists such as Harold Palmer and A.S. Hornsby

The relationship of English ___ other languages is studied through roots, prefixes, suffixes, and related and borrowed words

These linguists worked on setting language teaching principles and approaches based on linguistic and psychological theories, but they ___ many of the specific practical details for others to devise

These new methods are usually presented as coming only from the author's mind, as the authors generally give no credence to what ___ done before and do not explain how it relates to the new method

These programs often help students to decide ___language to study in later grades

These programs ___ usually incorporated into the social studies curriculum

This approach gives all students the opportunity to explore various languages and the cultures of the people ___ speak them

This ensures that our teaching is matched ___ the child’s needs

This was ___ turn caused by emphasis on new scientific advances, which has tended to blind researchers to precedents in older work

Thompson suggests that with pair and group work, students can produce a greater amount of language output than they would produce in teacher-centered ___

Those looking at the history of foreign-language education in the 20th century and the methods of teaching might ___ tempted to think that it is a history of failure

Very few students in U.S. universities who have a foreign language as a major manage to reach something ___ "minimum professional proficiency"

We build children’s confidence ___ constant praise for any contribution they make in the foreign language, however tentative

We emphasise the listening and speaking skills ___ the reading and writing skills

We realise that this approach serves to develop a positive attitude in the children ___ the learning of modern foreign languages

We sometimes ___ puppets and soft toys to demonstrate the foreign language

We teach a foreign language to children in Key Stage 2 ___ approximately an hour a week

We use a variety of techniques to encourage the children to have an active engagement in the modern foreign language: these include

We ___ the lessons as entertaining and enjoyable as possible

___ most FLEX programs aim to give students a foundation for foreign language study

___ curriculum allows us to consider each child’s attainment and progress against expected levels

___ our school we teach a modern foreign language to all children, whatever their ability

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