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Several factors can lead to significant cognitive impairment, particularly if they occur during pregnancy and childhood ___ the brain is growing and the blood-brain barrier is less effective

Since the early twentieth century, raw scores on IQ tests ___in most parts of the world

Some psychologists are employed in industrial and organizational settings, and in other areas such ___ human development and aging, sports, health, the media, law, and forensics

Studies also illustrate consistently greater variance in the performance of men compared to ___ of women

The association between childhood IQ and the risk of later injury ___even after accounting for factors such as the child's socioeconomic background

The majority of psychologists ___ involved in some kind of therapeutic role (clinical, counseling, and school positions)

The peak capacity for both fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence is ___ years

The phenomenon of rising raw score performance means that if test-takers ___ by a constant standard scoring rule, IQ test scores have been rising at an average rate of around three IQ points per decade

The study demonstrated that general human intelligence appears to be based on the volume and location of ___ matter tissue in the brain, only about 6 percent appeared to be related to IQ

The work of child psychologists such as Lev Vygotsky, Jean Piaget, Bernard Luskin and Jerome Bruner has ___ influential in creating teaching methods and educational practices

There are many different kinds of IQ tests using a wide variety of ___

There have been a variety of studies of IQ and aging since the norming of the first Wechsler Intelligence Scale drew attention to IQ differences in different ___groups of adults

This approach (Gestalt psychology) is ___upon the idea that individuals experience things as unified wholes

This distinction is however not made in the UK, where the generic term for practitioners is "___ psychologist"

When a new version of an IQ test is normed, the standard scoring is ___ so that performance at the population median results in a score of IQ 100

Wolfgang Kohler, Max Wertheimer and Kurt Koffka ___ the school of Gestalt psychology

___ on his investigations, Charles Spearman aimed that a single common factor explained the positive correlations among tests

___many practitioners, one goal of applied psychology is to benefit society

___ instance, there are claims that men tend to outperform women on average by three to four IQ points based on tests of medical students where the greater variance of men's IQ can be expected to contribute to the result, or where a 'correction' is made for different maturation ages

___ intelligent children would develop a thicker cortex initially, and then their cortex would go through a more rigorous thinning process

___ psychology combines principles from educational psychology and clinical psychology to understand and treat students with learning disabilities; to foster the intellectual growth of "gifted" students; to facilitate prosocial behaviors in adolescents; and otherwise to promote safe, supportive, and effective learning environments

___ psychological knowledge is typically applied to the assessment and treatment of mental health problems, it is also applied to understanding and solving problems in many different spheres of human activity

___ psychology is the study of how humans learn in educational settings, the effectiveness of educational interventions, the psychology of teaching, and the social psychology of schools as organizations

Верны ли данные утверждения?

A) English universities and colleges, because of their selective intake, are relatively large

B) American universities, which combine a number of different colleges and professional schools, are large, sometimes with 20,000 to 25,000 students on one campus

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А) Exam stress doesn't occur most strongly during the actual exams but in the few weeks just before them

В) The climax is usually the night before, when last minute preparations confirm your worst fears

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А) If students see that teachers have the faith in them, they will probably lose whatever motivation they have to keep trying

В) Teachers should be very careful to avoid suggesting that students deliberately hurt others or enjoy doing so

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А) Melancholic is often self-reliant and dependent; one positive part of being a melancholic is sometimes they can get so involved in what they are doing they forget to think of others

В) A melancholic is also often a perfectionist

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А) One major decision which faces the American student ready to begin higher education is the choice of attending a large university or a small college

В) The large university provides a wide range of specialized departments, as well as numerous lessons within such departments

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А) Other evidence of inappropriate teacher attitudes toward school activities includes: emphasizing the separation of work and play, with work pictured as an unpleasant activity one endures in order to get to play, etc.

В) Teachers with negative attitudes also discuss academic subjects in a way that presents them as dull and devoid of content

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А) Sanguine can also mean very sensitive, compassionate and thoughtful

В) Sanguine personalities generally struggle with following tasks all the way through, are chronically late, and tend to be forgetful and sometimes a little sarcastic

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

А) Teacher training colleges and polytechnics are alternatives to the university course for some students in England, being established for specific purposes

В) In contrast, virtually all schools of education, engineering and business studies, are integral parts of universities in the United States

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А) Teachers must communicate to all of their students the expectations that the students want to be fair, co-operative, reasonable, and responsible

В) This includes even those who consistently present the same behaviour problems

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

А) Teachers with positive attitudes toward school learning see learning activities as unpleasant but necessary drudgery

В) If they believe in a positive approach toward motivation, they will attempt to generate enthusiasm through overemphasis on contests, rewards, and other external incentives

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

А) The brain is a complex bioelectrical machine, which, like a computer, can be overloaded; it does not work continuously, but in fits and starts

В) As you read this, the relevant part of your brain receives the messages from your eyes, processes them, and you comprehend

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А) The Sanguine temperament personality is fairly extroverted

В) People of a sanguine temperament tend to enjoy social gatherings, making new friends and tend to be quiet

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

А) When teachers do have the appropriate attitude toward school-work, they present it in ways that make their students see it as enjoyable and interesting

В) Teachers should expect students to enjoy learning in the same way they enjoy a ride on a roller coaster

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A) A good teacher keeps in contact with the parents of his or her pupils and lets them participate in the life of the school (in a primary or secondary school)

B) A good teacher is able to maintain discipline and order

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

A) A good teacher lets the students share his or her own life with all its ups and downs

B) A good teacher works hard to remain out-of-date in his or her subject

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

A) A good teacher openly admits when he or she has made a mistake or does not know something

B) A good teacher is interested in his or her students, asks them about their homes and tries to help where possible

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

A) A good teacher uses the same materials, equipment and teaching methods and attempts to make his or her lessons boring

B) A good teacher helps the students become independent and organize their own learning

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

A) Any man can be a good teacher

B) Every teacher continues to be a student

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

A) Teaching machines and computers can be substitutes for any teacher

B) Teaching is a two-way traffic

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

A) The teacher is a model and example to his students

B) Good teachers are born, not made

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

A) A good teacher makes the students work hard and sets low standards

B) A good teacher is friendly and helpful to his or her colleagues

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А) In England, universities receive about 70 % of their financial support through Parliamentary grants

В) Similarly, in the United States, public institutions receive about 75 % of their funds from local, state, and federal sources, but private colleges and universities receive little or no government support

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

А) When you study, your brain reaches its maximum efficiency about five minutes after you start work, stays at a plateau for about ten minutes, and thereafter it is all downhill

В) Indeed, after thirty minutes your attention wanders, your memory actually shuts off, and boredom sets in

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Верны ли данные утверждения?

А) A person who is a thoughtful ponderer has a melancholic disposition

В) Often very considerate and get rather worried when they could not be on time for events, sanguine can be highly creative in activities such as poetry and art - and can become occupied with the tragedy and cruelty in the world

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A right ___ education has been created and recognized

Acceleration presents gifted children academic material from established curricula that is commensurate with their ability and preparedness, and ___this reason is a low-cost option from the perspective of the school

According ___ type theories, for example, introverts and extraverts are two fundamentally different categories of people